Intro to Pathology & Key Definitions

Question 1

What is meant by epidemiology?

Answer 1

WHO gets a disease?

Question 2

What is meant by aetiology?

Answer 2

HOW/WHY does someone get a disease?

can we stop it?

Question 3

What is meant by pathogenesis?

Answer 3

the development of a disease and the chain of events leading to that disease

Question 4

What is meant by anatomical/biochemical/functional changes?

Answer 4

WHAT does the disease do?

Taking a history and physical examination are used here

Question 5

What is meant by natural history?

Answer 5

the course a disease takes from from initial onset until recovery or death

Question 6

What is meant by prognosis?

Answer 6

After intervention, assessing how the disease/procedure will affect the patient in the future

Question 7

What is the definition of pathology?

Answer 7

Pathology is the scientific study of disease

Question 8

What is the definition of disease?

Answer 8

An abnormality of the body that causes loss of normal health

Question 9

What type of cell shows a sign of acute inflammation?

Answer 9

Lots of neutrophils will be present

Question 10

What is the definition of neoplasia?

Answer 10

the presence or formation of new, abnormal growths of tissue

Question 11

What does the ana- prefix mean?

Answer 11

absence of

Question 12

What is the difference between anaplasia and dysplasia?

Answer 12

Anaplasia - does not resemble normal cells

Dysplasia - cells are disordered

Question 13

What does the dys- prefix mean?

Answer 13

disordered

Question 14

What does the hyper- prefix mean?

Answer 14

excess over normal

Question 15

What does the hypo- prefix mean?

Answer 15

deficiency below normal

Question 16

What does the meta- prefix mean?

Answer 16

change from one state to another

Question 17

What does metaplasia mean?

Answer 17

an abnormal change in the nature of the tissue

Question 18

What does the -itis suffix mean?

Answer 18

an inflammatory process

Question 19

What does the -oma suffix mean?

Answer 19

tumour

it might not be malignant

Question 20

What does the -osis suffix mean?

Answer 20

state or condition

Question 21

What does -oid suffix mean?

Answer 21

bearing a resemblance to

Question 22

What does the -penia suffix mean?

Answer 22

lack of

Question 23

What does the -cytosis suffix mean?

Answer 23

increased number of cells

Question 24

What does the -ectasis suffix mean?

Answer 24

dilation

Question 25

What does the -plasia suffix mean?

Answer 25

disorder of growth

Question 26

What does the -opathy suffix mean?

Answer 26

abnormal state lacking specific characteristics

Question 27

What does hypertrophy mean?

Answer 27

the number of cells is not increasing, but the cells are increasing in size

Question 28

What does hyperplasia mean?

Answer 28

there is an increase in the number of cells, but they do not change in size

Question 29

What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus?

Answer 29

thrombus is a blood clot

embolus is when the blood clot moves from the site of origin to another site

Question 30

What is meant by a ‘differentiation grade’?

Answer 30

the measure of the cell appearance in tumours and other neoplasms

Question 31

What is meant by ‘stage’ of cancer?

Answer 31

the progression of the disease and whether it has moved to other sites