Intro to pain Flashcards
definition of nociception
the neural process of encoding noxious stimuli (damaging or threatening damage to normal tissues)
definition of pain
an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with or resembling that associated with, actual potential tissue damage
what are the multidimensional components of pain and what does this mean for individuals
sensory discriminative component affective (emotional) component autonomic component motor component means that pain is unique to the individual and depends on past experiences, mood, cognition and present environmental stimuli
are all instances of pain useful?
no some are counterproductive
why do we have pain - beneficial functions and absence
withdrawal reflexes minimise damage aoid future harm promotes healing motivation to seek treatment absense: injury, infection, self-mutilation, skeletal deformity = early death
how canpain be describd
intensity = 1-10, mild, moderate character = sharp etc location + localisation time behaviour affect (emotion)
what are the physiological perspectives of pain
broad classification, time, location, stimulus, character, localisation, aetiology, intensity
describe the definition of nociceptive pain
pain from physical damage or potential damage to the body
what noxious stimulants does nociceptive pain respond to
heat, cold, intense mechanical force, chemical irritants
what is the threshold of nociceptive pain and its 3 sub classes
adaptive, high-threshold pain
superficial somatc pain, deep somatic pain, visceral somatic pain
describe superficial somatic pain in terms of tissue, stimuli, character, localisation
skin + superficial tissues
burns 1st degree, minor lacerations/abrasions, chemicals
sharp
well-defined, easy to locate
describe deep somatic pain in terms of tissue, stimuli, character and localisation
bone, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, muscles + fascia
sprains, strains, fractures
dull, aching,
difficult to localise
describe visceral pain in terms of tissue, stimuli, character + localisation
internal organs
hypoxia, inflammation, stretching
dull, deep + squeezing pain, difficult to explain
diffuse, difficult to localise, distant from the skin
overview if normal pain pathway
noxious stimulus -> transduction by nociceptor -> conduction + transmission by nociceptive neurons -> motor pathway activation + modulation -> perception
what is involved in the transduction by a nociceptor
high-threshold sensory receptor
of the peripheral somatosensory ns that is capable of transducing and encoding noxious stimuli
