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organic chemisrty > intro to organic chem > Flashcards

intro to organic chem Flashcards

1
Q

what is a hydrocarbon

A

a compound only consisting of carbon and hydrogen

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2
Q

what does saturated mean

A

It only contains C-C single bonds

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3
Q

What does unsaturated mean

A

when it contains a C=C double bond

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4
Q

what is molecular formula

A

the formula shows the actual number of each atom present

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5
Q

what is an empirical formula

A

the simplest whole number ration of the atoms of each element

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6
Q

what is the prefix/suffix of an alkene

A

-ene

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7
Q

what is the prefix/suffix of an alkane

A

-ane

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8
Q

what is the prefix/suffix of alcohols

A

Hydroxy- or -ol

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9
Q

What is bonded to a carbon to form an alcohol

A

An OH group

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10
Q

what is the prefix/suffix of halogenoalkanes

A

either Fluoro-, Chloro-, Bromo- or Iodo-

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11
Q

what is bonded to a / or many carbons in a halogenoalkane

A

any type of halogen

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12
Q

what is the prefix/suffix of aldehydes

A

formyl- or -al

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13
Q

what is the prefix/suffix of ketones

A

oxo- or -one

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14
Q

what is the prefix/suffix of carboxilicacids

A

-oic acid

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15
Q

what is the prefix/suffix of esters

A

-yl or -oate

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16
Q

how to spot an alkene

A

a double C=C bond

17
Q

how to spot a ketone

A

An O= bond to a secondary carbon

18
Q

how to spot an aldehyde

A

An O= bond to a primary carbon

19
Q

how to spot a carboxylic acid

A

An O= to a carbon bonded to an OH- group

20
Q

how to spot an ester

A

An O= to a carbon single bonded to -O

21
Q

How to name carbon chains

A
  • count the longest carbon chain
  • find any branched chains
  • add appropriate prefix/suffix for anything added
22
Q

what is an alkyl

methyl-

A

when a carbon is bonded to another with only 3 hydrogens attached

23
Q

what is the general formula for an alkyl

A

CₙH₂ₙ₊₁

organic chemisrty (3 decks)

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