halogenoalkanes

Question 1

what is a halogenoalkane

Answer 1

contains fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine bonded to a carbon

Question 2

what are the 3 types of halogenoalkanes

Answer 2

primary, secondary or tertiary

Question 3

does the C-halogen bond have a charge

Answer 3

Yes. It is polar because the halogen is more electronegative than the carbon which creates a dipole

Question 4

what do halogenoalkanes undergo

Answer 4

they undergo nucleophilic addition as the carbon is positive and can donate an electron pair

Question 5

what is an electrophile

Answer 5

an electron pair acceptor (they seek negative charge)

Question 6

what is a nucleophile

Answer 6

Its an electron pair donor, (seeks positive charge) this is normally oxygen or nitrogen

Question 7

what is substitution (reference to nucleophile)

Answer 7

the nucleophile ‘swaps’ with the halogen

Question 8

what reagent produces an alcohol, and what is its nucleophile

Answer 8

NaOH or KOH, ÖH^-

Question 9

what reagent forms an amine, and what is its nucleophile

Answer 9

NH3 (the nucleophile is the same)

Question 10

what reagent forms a nitrile, and what is its nucleophile

Answer 10

KCN or NaCN, Ċ≡N^-