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Netter's anatomy book > Intro to Organ Systems > Flashcards

Intro to Organ Systems Flashcards

1
Q

4 functions of the skin?

A
  1. protection
  2. temperature regulation
  3. endocrine regulation
  4. exocrine secretion
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2
Q

epidermis is the ____ layer

A

outer/ superficial

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3
Q

epidermis has what kind of tissue?

A

keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelial

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4
Q

dermis has the ___ layer

A

thickest

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5
Q

dermis provides…

A

support

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6
Q

dermis has what kind of tissue?

A

connective tissues

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7
Q

fascia is also called as

A

hypodermis

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8
Q

fascia has what kind of tissue

A

connective tissue

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9
Q

2 kinds of fascia

A
  1. superficial

2. deep

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10
Q

superficial fascia acts as

A

cushion

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11
Q

deep fascia acts as

A

sheath to the muscle

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12
Q

5 main parts of the skeletal system

A
  1. bone
  2. cartilage
  3. ligaments,
  4. joints
  5. bone marrow
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13
Q

4 functions of the skeletal system?

A
  1. support
  2. protection
  3. storage of calcium
  4. source of blood cells
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14
Q

2 regions of the skeletal system

A
  1. axial

2. appendicular

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15
Q

axial skeleton has…

A

skull, spine, ribs, sternum

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16
Q

appendicular skeleton includes the…

A

limbs , pectoral, pelvic girdle

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17
Q

2 types of bone mass?

A

compact and spongy

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18
Q

compact bone mass is the ___ layer

A

superfical

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19
Q

compact bone mass provides…

A

strength

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20
Q

compact has a ___ mass while spongy has a ___ mass

A

compact: solid
spongy: less dense

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21
Q

spongy bone is located in the…

A

inner marrow of the cavity

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22
Q

5 shapes of the bone

A
  1. flat
  2. short
  3. sesamoid
  4. irregular
  5. long
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23
Q

3 types of joint

A
  1. fibrous/ synarthroses
  2. cartilaginous/ ampiarthroses
  3. synovial/ diarthroses
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24
Q

fibrous joints are

A

immovable

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25
Q

cartilaginous joints are

A

slightly movable

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26
Q

synovial joints are

A

freely movable

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27
Q

3 types of muscular cells

A
  1. cardiac
  2. smooth
  3. skeletal
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28
Q

cardiac muscles are ___ and ____

A

striated and involuntary

29
Q

smooth muscles are ___ and ___

A

nonstriatied and involuntary

30
Q

skeletal muscles are ____ and __

A

striated and voluntary

31
Q

4 functions of the muscular system

A
  1. provide movement
  2. postural maintenance
  3. maintains body heat
  4. facial expressions
32
Q

5 shapes of the muscles

A
  1. flat
  2. quadrate
  3. circular
  4. fusiform
  5. pennate
33
Q

reflexive muscle contractions are ___

A

involuntary

34
Q

tonic muscle contractions maintains muscle ___ and ____

A

tone and posture

35
Q

2 types of phasic muscle contractions

A

isometric and isotonic

36
Q

difference of isometric and isotonic muscle contractions?

A

isometric: has tension and no movement
isotonic: has movement

37
Q

4 types of movement condition in muscle contraction

A
  1. agonist
  2. antagonist
  3. fixator
  4. synergist
38
Q

agonist has ____ movement and ___ mover

A

specific movement and prime mover

39
Q

antagonist ___ and ___ of agonist

A

relaxes and opposite of agonist

40
Q

fixator is ____at the ___ part when ____ part is ___

A

steady at the proximal part when the distal part is moved

41
Q

synergist assist the ___ of ___ and ___ unnecessary movements

A

assist the contraction of agonist and reduces unnecessary movements

42
Q

Main parts of the cardiovascular system

A

heart, blood, blood vessels

43
Q

arteries carries blood ___

A

away the heart

44
Q

veins carries blood ___

A

towards the heart

45
Q

veins carry ___ pressure

A

low

46
Q

5 functions of the cardiovascular system

A
  1. transport
  2. prevents fluid loss (clotting)
  3. immune defense
  4. regulation of pH and electrolytes
  5. thermoregulation
47
Q

the heart has _ chambers

A

4

48
Q

3 layers of the heart

A

endocardium, myocardium, pericardium

49
Q

endocardium is the ___ and ___ layer,

A

innermost and thin layer

50
Q

myocardium is the __ layer where ___ muscle and ___ is done

A

thickest layer where contracting muscle is and work done

51
Q

pericardium has 2 layers ____ and ___, and a ___ in between

A

viceral or epicardium parietal and a

gap in between

52
Q

3 functions of the lymphatic system

A
  1. protect against infections
  2. collects and return fluids and solutes to bloodstream
  3. absorb fat from small intestine
53
Q

4 main parts of the lymphatic system

A

lymph
lymphocytes
lymph vessels
lymphoid organs

54
Q

7 lymphoid organs

A
  • lymph nodes
  • tonsil
  • thymus
  • spleen
  • bone marrow
  • gastrointestinal -passageway
  • lymphoid tissue
55
Q

thoracic duct drains the ____

A

majority

56
Q

right lymphatic duct drains the ____ ____ ___ of the body

A

right upper quadrant

57
Q

5 functions of the respiratory system

A
  • filter and humidifies
  • gas exchange
  • regulate pH
  • vocalization
  • assist olfactory system
58
Q

upper respiratory tract comprise of….

A

mouth, nose, pharynx larynx

59
Q

lower respiratory tract comprise of…

A

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, lungs

60
Q

endocrine system facilitates in ____ ______ and ___ of the body’s function

A

communication integration and regulation

61
Q

4 functions of the gastrointestinal system

A
  • process and digest food
  • absorb and conserve water
  • absorb nutrients
62
Q

liver

A

largest gland

63
Q

10 parts of gastrointestinal system

A

mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, gallbladder, pancreas, liver

64
Q

4 functions of urinary system

A
  • filter plasma
  • reabsorption
  • regulation
65
Q

neurons

A

nerve cells

66
Q

3 types of neurons

A

unipolar, bipolar, multipolar

67
Q

3 types of meninges

A

dura, arachnoid, pia matter

68
Q

5 types of glial cells

A
  • astrocytes,
  • oliogodendrocytes,
  • microglia,
  • ependymal,
  • schwann

Netter's anatomy book (2 decks)

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