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Intro to Operations Flashcards

1
Q

What are examples of inputs?

A

Labor, Money, Knowledge

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2
Q

What are examples of outputs?

A

Goods & Services

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3
Q

Transformation Process: Physical

A

factory made

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4
Q

Transformation Process: Locational

A

items from one location to the next

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5
Q

Transformation Process: Exchange

A

value through RETAIL (i.e. kroger doesn’t grow the corn or can it but they sell it to consumers)

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6
Q

Transformation Process: Physiological

A

health care (i.e. fitness trainer)

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7
Q

Transformation Process: Psychological

A

Entertainment

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8
Q

Transformation Process: Informational

A

communications (i.e. VT teaching students)

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9
Q

Transformation Process: Extraction

A

Pulling raw material from environment (i.e. mining, logging, etc.)

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10
Q

Operations Management

A

The design, operation, and improvement of productive systems.
—> How do we optimize decisions to reduce costs?

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11
Q

What are the four primary areas of a firm?

A
  1. Finance/Accounting
  2. Marketing
  3. Human Resources
  4. Operations
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12
Q

Just-in-time production

A

Produce only what you need when you need it

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13
Q

High Degree of Vertical Integration

A

A business does most of the overall process (not just assembly).

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14
Q

Economies of Scale

A

As the number of units you produce increases, the cost decreases

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15
Q

What is the advantages & disadvantages of a flexible manufacturing system?

A

Advantage: no retooling or retraining, easy to reprogram
Disadvantage: EXPENSIVE

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16
Q

Coding wires is an example of what?

A

Design for maintainability (easier to maintain)

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17
Q

CAE

A

Computer Aided Engineering

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18
Q

Craft Production

A

*consumer goods produced by craftsman

19
Q

The type of production that involves one person making a product from start to finish is:

A

Craft Production

20
Q

Property rights, stable government, banking institutions, and the free market approach are all characteristics of which time period?

A

The Industrial Revolution

21
Q

Agrarian Society

A

Industrialized Society

22
Q

Who invented steam engine power?

A

James Watt

23
Q

Adam Smith

A
  • Wrote “Wealth of Nations”
  • against government regulated markets
  • division of labor
24
Q

Division of Labor

A

Breaking jobs into different tasks and assigning each worker a different task using specialized tools, creating specialized labor. Designed to decrease the time it takes to produce goods & services.

25
Q

Who came up with the idea of interchangeable parts?

A

Eli Whitney

26
Q

What is the main idea of interchangeable parts?

A

Standardized parts- more efficient due to the fact that they were all the same and could be used in any gun

27
Q

Principles of Scientific Management

A
  • Frederick Taylor
  • *Determine best work method and standardize**
  • FINANCIAL INCENTIVE & REST BREAKS
28
Q

Rate Buster

A

Picking up the pace- not working at the slow speed most/all other workers do

29
Q

Soldiering

A

Deliberately slowing the pace of work to convince supervisors you can’t go faster

30
Q

Time & Motion Study

A

-Frank & Lillian Gilbreth
took videos to see what the most efficient way of doing things was
RESULTS:
-modern approach to surgery (nurse handing tools)
-dividing up tasks=more efficient

31
Q

Who created the assembly line?

A

Henry Ford

32
Q

When did the Human Relations Movement begin?

33
Q

Hawthorne Studies

A
  • Elton Mayo
  • *workers need more than a paycheck for motivation**
  • part of human relations movement
34
Q

When did operations research occur?

A

Post WW2-1970’s

35
Q

George Dantzig

A

*Created linear programming

36
Q

When was the decline of manufacturing?

A

1970’s-1980’s

37
Q

Traditional Mass Production: Who? Focus on? How? Lacking?

A

Who: US
Focus on: EFFICIENCY & QUANTITY
How: highly specialized, operations turned over to technical specialists
Lacking: Not using strategies for competition

38
Q

Lean Production: Who? Focus on? How? Lacking?

A

Who: JAPAN
Focus on: QUALITY & FLEXIBILITY
How: long term strategic goals, can adapt systems to changing technologies
Lacking: N/A

39
Q

Competitive Benchmarking

A

*take organization that does well at what you want to do and compare your progress to that

40
Q

Reverse Engineering

A

*tearing apart production to study its parts and design

41
Q

When was the Quality Revolution?

A

1970’s-1990’s

42
Q

What are the problems with in-process inventory?

A

Wasteful/doesn’t fix the problem along the line

43
Q

Characteristics of TQM (total quality management)

A
  • JIT inventory

- Eliminate waste

44
Q

Six Sigma

A

DECREASE variation, INCREASE quality (because you are more in control)

Operations Management (6 decks)

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