Intro to occlusion

Question 1

What is occlusion?

Answer 1

How the teeth come together and function

Question 2

Whenever we do a restoration what should we keep in mind regarding occlusion

Answer 2

We need to make sure the patients but feels comfortable

Question 3

What can happen if the teeth don’t meet in harmony?

Answer 3

Can lead to :

1. Pain
2. Loosening of teeth
3. Fracture of restorations

Question 4

What things can go wrong with occlusion?

Answer 4

We can overload the teeth

Question 5

What can lead to overloading of teeth?

Answer 5

1. Premature contacts (Interference)
2. Lateral forces in posterior teeth
3. Excessive forces due to parafunction (Bruxism)

Question 6

What are occlusal interferences?

Answer 6

Interferences when a patent is bitting up and down usually due to a too high restoration

Question 7

Define occlusion

Answer 7

The relationship of the maxillary to the mandibular teeth at rest and in function

Question 8

What technique can you use to check you restoration isn’t too high?

Answer 8

Fremitus and articulation paper

Question 9

What does Fremitus rely on?

Answer 9

Vibrations in the tooth

If a restoration is too high that tooth will vibrate more than its neighbours

Question 10

What symptoms will a patient experience if you place a restoration that is too high?

Answer 10

1. Inflammation
2. Pain in the PDL
3. Bruising + pain
4. Widening of the PDL
5. Increased mobility of tooth

Question 11

Which forces are posterior teeth designed to deal with?

Answer 11

Vertical forces NOT horizontal

Question 12

What is bruxism?

Answer 12

Subconscious, non-functional grinding

Question 13

What symptoms can patents with bruxism experience?

Answer 13

1. Increased tooth wear
2. Fracture of restorations
3. Muscle pain
4. Micro cracks

Question 14

What is the function of the Articular emine?

Answer 14

It guides the mandible forward when you slide you jaw forward

Question 15

Where is the Articular emine found?

Answer 15

It is found on the glenoid fossa

Question 16

What is freeway space?

Answer 16

The space between the upper and lower teeth AT REST

Question 17

What is the typical value of the freeway space?

Answer 17

2-4mm

Question 18

What does ICP stand for in terms of occlusion?

Answer 18

Inter cuspal position

Question 19

What is the Intercuhspal Position?

Answer 19

The position of he mandible when the mandibular and maxillary teeth are maxillary interdigitated

Question 20

What does RCP Stand for?

Answer 20

Retruded Contact Position

Question 21

What two processes occur in the TMJ when the mouth opens?

Answer 21

The condyle both ROTATES and TRANSLATES (moves forwards and downwards)§

Question 22

What is the first part of rotation (jaw opening) controlled by?

Answer 22

The digastric muscle

Question 23

Up to how many cm does the mouth open during rotation?

Answer 23

Upto 2cm (20mm)

Question 24

Which muscle controls the translation of the mouth?

Answer 24

Lateral pterygloid muscle

Question 25

What happens in the translating stage of jaw opening?

Answer 25

The jaw open all the way

Question 26

Name the key muscles involved in closing the mouth

Answer 26

1. Temporalis 2. Masseter 3. Medial pterygoid 4. Lateral pterygoid

Question 27

Name some jaw movements we talk about in dentistry

Answer 27

Protrusion and lateral movements

Question 28

How does your body prevent horizontal movement form affecting the molars?

Answer 28

Condylar guidance

Question 29

What is the "working" side

Answer 29

The side your jaw is moving to

Question 30

What is the non working side?

Answer 30

The side your jaw isn't moving to

Question 31

Which sides condyle moves more?

Answer 31

The n on working side

Question 32

What are the 2 terms we use to describe occlusal schemes

Answer 32

1. Canine guidance | 2. Group function

Question 33

Describe a patient who is said to have canine guidance

Answer 33

It means only the canines on their working side remain in contact when movies to that side

Question 34

Describe a patient who is said to have group function

Answer 34

When they move their jaw laterally 2 or more teeth remain in contact on the working side

Question 35

Why might older patients be in group function rather than canine guidance

Answer 35

Because over time they have worn down their canines due to grinding

Question 36

What are the problems associated with group functions

Answer 36

Canines come into contact with each other during lateral movement which they don't like

Question 37

What can we use to check the occlusion of alginate models we have taken?

Answer 37

We can use an articulator

Question 38

What is an articulator?

Answer 38

It is a mechanical device that recreates the patients jaws upon which study models can be positioned and the relationship between upper and lower teeth can be studied

Question 39

Name different types of articulators

Answer 39

1. Simple hinge 2. Average value 3. Semi adjustable 4. Fully adjustable

Question 40

What is the terminal hinge axis

Answer 40

The point about which the condyle rotates during the rotatory phase of opening