Intro to Nutrition Flashcards
Traditional components of nutrition assessment
- Hx (intake relative to needs and risks + medical hx)
- Anthropometrics (L/H, W, waist, head circumf in infants)
- Exam (clinical signs)
- Labs: Biochemical changes/levels
High risk pts
very young/old, underweight, recent weight loss of >/= 10% usual body weight, limited variety, protracted nutrient losses (malabsorption, enteric fistulae, draining abscesses/wounds, renal dialysis), hypermetabolic states (sepsis, protracted fever, trauma, burns), chronic EtOH or meds with anti-nutrient or catabolic properties (steroids, antimetabolites, immune suppression, anti-tumor agents), marginalized circumstances (isolation, impoverished, altered mental status, advanced age)
Factors/conditions putting ppl at increased risk for nutritional depletion or excesses
impaired absorption, decreased utilization, increased losses, increased requirements, high/low level of physical activity
how can you estimate food intake
24 hour recall, diet record of multiple days
Dietary reference Intakes (DRI’s)
Comprised of Estimated avg requirement and recommended dietary allowance
- present shift in emphasis from preventing deficiency to decreasing risk of chronic disease through nutrition
Estimated average requirement
intake estimate to meet a requirement defined by specified indicator of adequacy in 50% of individuals in a life stage and gender group; includes an adjustment for assumed bioavailability of the nutrient; used to assess inadequate intakes and planning goal intake for mean intake of a group
Recommended Dietary Allowance
average daily dietary intake level sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all individuals in a life stage and gender group
- RDA applies to individuals not groups
EAR is foundation of setting RDA
- should be used as a goal for dietary intake by healthy individuals not to assess/plan diets of groups
what to pay attention to on PE
skin (rash petichiae bruise pallor)
hair
