Amino Acids Flashcards
Gluconeogenic amino acid examples
Ala, Arg, Asn, Asp, Cys, Glu, Gln, Gly, His, Pro, Ser, Met, Val
Glucogenic/ketogenic aa examples
isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan
Ketogenic aa examples
leucine, lysine
types of essential aa
glucogenic, ketogenic, glucogenic/ketogenic
acidic amino acids
aspartic acid, glutamic acid
- negatively charged at body pH
basic aa
arginine (most basic), lysine, histidine
- Histidine has no charge at body pH
which form of amino acids found in proteins
L-form
Sulfer-containing amino acids
methionine, cysteine
conditionally essential amino acids
can be made by body, but the capacity for their synthesis is limited and in high states of consumption (i.e. critical illness) deficiency may develop
amino acids with nitrogen side chain
Glutamine, asparagine, lysine, histidine, arginine
branched amino acids
Valine, isoleucine, leucine
aromatic amino acids
tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine
glucogenic amino acids
used as substrates for gluconeogenesis
ketogenic aa
when broken down, these generate Acetyl CoA and can’t participate in gluconeogenesis but produce ATP through TCA or be used for ketone synthesis
Post-translationally modified amino acids
hydroxy-proline, hydroxy lysine, gamma carboxyglutamate, ornithine
