Intro to Neuropathology + Infectious diseases in CNS Flashcards
What congenital malformation of the brain in calves can be caused by viral infection in utero?
a) Name a clinical sign?
b) What is an example of a virus in calves?
c) What virus could cause the same lesion in lambs?
Lesion: Cerebellum hypoplasia a) ataxia (un-coordinated) b) BVDV (affected foetus needs to euthanised) c) Border disease virus
What virus in kittens which targets rapidly dividing cells, causing V+, D+ and reduced WBC counts in cats?
Feline Parvovirus
Which virus in horses causes necrotic and haemorrhagic lesions in the spinal cord (grey matter) and spheroids?
a) What are spheroids?
b) How would you ddx?
EHV-1
a) Spheroids - swollen axons
b) Blood test - PCV and CSF
What disease does coronvirus cause in the CNS in cats, which has many of other forms too?
a) What is the pathogenesis?
b) What are the 2 forms of FIP?
FIP
CNS form, Peritonitis form
a) Replicates in monocytes/macrophages
Targets lining of ventricles
b) 2 forms - Dry (granulomatous) and Wet (Vasculitis)
What pathogen in pigs causes
- polyserositis (inflamm of all linings)
- nystagmus, paddling movements in limbs, seizuring before death
- haemorrhagic and purulent lesion in the brain
Strept suis (zoonotic)
Inflamm of the surface of brain, joints, pleura
What disease has the following characteristic signs:
Acutely - excessive salivation, behavioural changes, muzzle tremors, abnormal posture + tenesmus
Chronic - opisthotonus, seizures, widespread paralysis, then death
Rabies
What is opisthotonus? How does it happen?
Bending backwards
Usually UMN inhibit the LMN - UMN damaged - no inhibition and causes overaction of lower MN
How is Rabies transmitted?
Saliva in bites
How does Rabies reach the brain?
Retrograde axonal transmission - through neurons —> through trigeminal nerve to salivary gland
How can you diagnose Rabies?
PCV
Immunofluorescence
Viral culture - see Negri bodies (special type of inclusion bodies) in cytoplasm of nerve cells with rabies
