Intro to Neuropath

Question 1

Neuroectodermal Cells

Answer 1

Neurons, Astrocytes, Oligodendroglia, ependymal, Schwann

Question 2

Mesenchymal Cells

Answer 2

Microglia, Meninges, Blood vessels

Question 3

Excitotoxic Injury

Answer 3

injured neuron dies–> release excitatory amino acids –> depolarize surrounding neurons through NMDA

Question 4

Excitatory Amino Acids

Answer 4

glutamate, aspartate

Question 5

Mechanism of Excitotoxic Injury

Answer 5

Ca2+ influx –> mitochondria interference –> cell death

Question 6

Acute Neuronal Injury

Answer 6

• esosinophilic neuronal necrosis
• hypoxic, ischemic
• earliest light-microscopic sign of irreversible cell death

Question 7

Most sensitive to hypoxic-ischemia

Answer 7

CA1 neurons of hippocampus, Sommer’s Sector

Question 8

Axonal Reaction

Answer 8

damage to axon, soma swelling, central chromatolysis, peripheral displacement of nucleus

Question 9

Wallerian Degeneration

Answer 9

axon transection –> proximal axon regenerates and remyelinates –>connects with target

Question 10

Axonal Spheroids

Answer 10

if transected, material that would go to axon accumulates in soma

Question 11

Lewy Body

Answer 11

Parkinson’s Dz

Question 12

Pick Body

Answer 12

Pick’s Dz. Frontotemporal lobar dgn

Question 13

Neurofibrillary tangle

Answer 13

Alzheimer’s Dz

Question 14

Trans-synaptic Dgn

Answer 14

secondary dgn of a neuron connected to a dying neuron

Question 15

Astrocytes

Answer 15

gemistocyte, rosenthal fibers, alzheimer type II, corpora amylacea, inclusions

Question 16

Reactive Astrocytes

Answer 16

trying to get bigger and stronger, plump cytoplasms

Question 17

Alzheimer Type II glia

Answer 17

enlarged nuclei, rxn to hyperammonia, nothing to do with alzheimer’s dz

Question 18

Creutzfeldt astrocyte

Answer 18

not associated with CJD, multilobated nucleus, demyelinating dz

Question 19

Rosenthal Fibers

Answer 19

GFAP. around a cyst, dz with GFAP, low grade astrocytoma

Question 20

Satellitosis

Answer 20

Oligodendroglioma

Question 21

Microglial rxn

Answer 21

reaction to viral infection

Question 22

Onion Bulb

Answer 22

diagnostic of Chrcot-Marie-Tooth disease, circular multilayered proliferations of Schwann cells

Question 23

Light Microscopy

Answer 23

H&E, Histochem, IHC, Enzyme rxn