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ESA4 - Nervous System > Intro to Nervous System > Flashcards

Intro to Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Is the cerebral cortex grey or white matter?

A

Grey matter

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2
Q

Is the corpus callosum grey or white matter?

A

White matter

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3
Q

What is grey matter composed of?

A

Cell bodies and dendrites, where all the synapses are

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4
Q

What is white matter composed of?

A

Axons and their supporting cells - connects grey matter

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5
Q

Why is white matter white?

A

Due to the presence of myelin (fatty)

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6
Q

What is the PNS equivalent of grey matter?

A

Ganglion

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7
Q

What is the PNS equivalent of white matter?

A

Peripheral nerve

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8
Q

How many segments is the spinal cord composed of?

A

31

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9
Q

Describe the distribution of grey/white matter in the cord

A

Central core of grey matter and an outer shell of white matter

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10
Q

Describe the distribution of grey/white matter in the brain

A

Central core of grey matter, surrounded by white matter, outer shell of grey matter

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11
Q

Is the dorsal root sensory or motor?

A

Sensory

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12
Q

Is the ventral root sensory or motor?

A

Motor

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13
Q

What is a funiculus?

A

A segment of white matter containing multiple distinct tracts - impulses travel in multiple directions

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14
Q

What is a tract?

A

Unidirectional connection between two regions of grey matter

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15
Q

What is a fasciculus?

A

A subdivision of a tract supplying a distinct region of the body

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16
Q

How is grey matter in the cord organised?

A

Into cell columns - Rexed’s laminae

17
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

A collection of functionally related cell bodies (grey matter)

18
Q

What is the cortex?

A

A folded sheet of cell bodies found on the surface of the brain (grey matter)

19
Q

What is a fibre?

A

An axon in association with its supporting cells (white matter)

20
Q

What are association fibres?

A

Fibres that connect cortical regions within the same hemisphere

21
Q

What are commissural fibres?

A

Fibres that connect left and right hemispheres or cord halves

22
Q

What are projection fibres?

A

Fibres that connect the cerebral hemispheres with the cord/brainstem and vice versa

23
Q

What does the precentral gyrus contain?

A

Primary motor cortex

24
Q

What does the postcentral gyrus contain?

A

Primary sensory cortex

25
Q

What does the primary visual cortex surround?

A

Calcarine sulcus

26
Q

Where is the site of olfactory cortex?

A

Uncus of temporal lobe

27
Q

Where is the key cortical region for memory encoding?

A

Parahippocampal gyrus

28
Q

What is the optic chiasm?

A

A site where fibres in the visual system cross over

29
Q

Where is the cortical area important for emotion and memory?

A

Cingulate gyrus

30
Q

What is the fornix?

A

Major output pathway from the hippocampus

31
Q

What is the tectum?

A

Dorsal part of the midbrain involved in involuntary responses to auditory and visual stimuli

32
Q

How is CSF reabsorbed?

A

Circulates through ventricular system and subarachnoid space before being reabsorbed at the arachnoid granulations into venous blood via venous sinuses

ESA4 - Nervous System (3 decks)

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