Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EXAM 1 review > intro to nervous system > Flashcards

intro to nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

CNS includes the _____ and ___

A

brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

PNS includes the ____ and _____

A

cranial and spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

brain is divided into 4 big regions

A

Cerebrum
diencephalon
brain stem
cerebullum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

subcortical structure affected during parkinson disease is the ____

A

basal ganglia and white matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

gray matter inside is wider at the ___ horn

A

ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

efferent nerves leave from the ___ side

A

ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

afferent nerves enter ____

A

dorsally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

main function of the CNS

A

integrate and control information in the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Vision is the only sense that CNS does not need the PNS

A

light enters the retina and goes straight to thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

alzheimers disease

A

atrophy of brain tissue affects the hippocampus first then affects the whole brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

glioblastoma

A

tumor of astrocytes a type of glial cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

demyleation of CNS nerves leading to issues with motor function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

afferent (sensory) nerves return to

A

CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

efferent (motor) nerves leave

A

CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

somatic nervous system

A

controls voluntary muscle movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

controls involuntary movement of organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

mediates fight or flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

paresympathetic nervous system

A

mediates rest and digest response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

enteric nervous system

A

nervous system for the GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Disorders of PNS
diabetic neuropathy

A

high glucose gamages nerves typically in hands and feet

21
Q

Disorders of PNS
schwannoma

A

a tumor of the schwann cells

22
Q

sciatica

A

sciaatic nerve pain

23
Q

basic unit of the nervous system

A

neuron

24
Q

cell body

A

has the nucleus of the cell

25
Q

dendrites

A

increases the surface area of soma to recieve signals from other neurons

26
Q

axon

A

may or may not have a myelin sheath made of fat for faster conduction speed

27
Q

axon terminals

A

end of the axon

28
Q

neurotransmitters are relesed form ___ terminals into synapse

A

axon

29
Q

mulitpolar neurons

A

most common type of neurons in all vertebrates

30
Q

bipolar neurons

A

has the cell body in the center of the neuron with a dendrite on one end and presynaptic terminal on the other end

31
Q

pseudo unipolar neurons

A

have the cell body protruduing adjacent to the axon

32
Q

unipolar neurons

A

have dendrites protruduing adjacent to the axon body

33
Q

Excitatory neurons increase the

A

probability that a target neuron fires. The common
neurotransmitter is glutamate

34
Q

Inhibitory neurons decrease that probability. The common neurotransmitter is

A

GABA

35
Q

Modulatory neurons modify that probability, up or down. The common neurotransmitters are

A

dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine

36
Q

Astrocytes will ____ form the blood-brain barrier, and help
maintain brain homeostasis

A

guide neural migration during development

37
Q

microglia

A

immune defense in the CNS

38
Q

oligodendrocytes coat CNS neurons with

A

myelin

39
Q

Schwann cells coat PNS neurons with

A

myelin

40
Q

T or F
Quick note about the difference between Schwann and oligodendrocytes is that oligodendrocytes can coat
multiple parts of a neuron. One Schwann cell coats only one par

A

T

41
Q

white matter is just the

A

myelin

42
Q

astrocytes in CNS are more than ___ neurons

A

common

43
Q

functions of astrocytes

A

guide neural migration during development
help form blood brain barrier
help maintain brain homeostatis

44
Q

disorder of astrocytoma

A

CNS

45
Q

saltatory conduction nodes of ranvier

A
46
Q

in glial cells myelin sheat not continuous along axon
myelinated internodes with nodes of ranvier between them
action potentials “leap” from node to node called salatory conduction

A
47
Q

neuron cell bodies
dendrites and synapses
interneurons
astrocytes and microglia

A

gray matter

48
Q

myelinated axons
oligodendrocytes or schwann cells

A

white matter

49
Q

unmyelinated axon segments near synapses
synapses
astrocytes and microglia

A

gray matter

EXAM 1 review (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions