INTRO TO MYCOLOGY

Question 1

what organelles do eukaryotic cells have

Answer 1

nucleus and mitochondria

Question 2

do eukaryotic cells do aerobic or anaerobic respiration

Answer 2

aerobic

Question 3

what kind of pH do eukaryotic fungi prefer

Answer 3

neutral

Question 4

def? organisms that live on dead/decaying matter

Answer 4

saprobes

Question 5

how do saprobes get their nutrients

Answer 5

absorbed them from the envirmont

Question 6

def? organisms that live together and both benefit

Answer 6

symbionts

Question 7

who benefits in symbiont relationship

Answer 7

both

Question 8

def? organisms that live together and one benefit while the other remains neutral

Answer 8

commensals

Question 9

def? organism that benefits from the host while often harming the host

Answer 9

parasites

Question 10

if we are exposed to a fungal infection on us what kind is that

Answer 10

endogenous

Question 11

if we are exposed to a fungal infection around us what kind is that

Answer 11

exogenous

Question 12

what kind of people have a high resistance to fungal infections

Answer 12

healthy immunocompetent people

Question 13

t or f: primary pathogenic fungi can infect immunocompetent people

Answer 13

T

Question 14

how do primary pathogenic fungi infect heathy people

Answer 14

evade host defenses

Question 15

what kind of infection do immunocompromised people get with primary pathogenic fungi

Answer 15

severe infection

Question 16

what kind of infection do primary pathogenic fungi cause

Answer 16

respiratory

Question 17

def? 2 life cycle phases

Answer 17

dimorphism

Question 18

what are the 2 phases (dimorphism) of primary pathogenic fungi

Answer 18

saprobic (Environment) and parasitic

Question 19

when do opportunistic pathogenic fungi cause problems

Answer 19

when there is a disruption to the host’s defense

Question 20

T or F: there is such thing as nonpathogenic fungi

Answer 20

F

Question 21

what is the kingdom of fungi

Answer 21

mycota

Question 22

what is the newer way to classify fungi

Answer 22

by phylogenetic (evolution) and unique characteristics

Question 23

what is the old way to classify fungi

Answer 23

by reproduction

Question 24

how will fungi be organized in this class

Answer 24

disease states

Question 25

type/site of infection? cause lesion of skin and appendages (2)

Answer 25

superficial and cutaneous

Question 26

type/site of infection? cause infections through the skin

Answer 26

Subcutaneous

Question 27

type/site of infection? most severe, cause deep, systemic disease, in normal and immunocompromised

Answer 27

systemic pathogens

Question 28

type/site of infection? environmental and/or normal flora that can cause disease in immunocompromised

Answer 28

opportunistic fungi

Question 29

what are the ag presenting cells

Answer 29

dendritic

Question 30

what kind of cells are activated by the innate response

Answer 30

t cells

Question 31

what kind of T cell secrete cytokines to activate macrophages to attack pathogen and differentiation of other T cells

Answer 31

T. helper 1

Question 32

what kind of T cell secrete IL-17 that recruit neutrophils to site of infection

Answer 32

T helper 17

Question 33

how do immune system cells recognize fungal cells

Answer 33

cell wall sugar molecules

Question 34

what group of sites of infection are brain, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, and kidney

Answer 34

deep mycoses

Question 35

what group of sites of infection are hair, nails, skin (3)

Answer 35

superficial, cutaneous, and subcutaneous

Question 36

T or F: a greater vol of specimen is needed to test fungi

Answer 36

T

Question 37

T or F; fungi are fast growers

Answer 37

F