Intro to lab teaching

Question 1

active appliance

Answer 1

move dentition to help fix malocclusion

Question 2

early intervention

Answer 2

more successful and less invasive generally

Question 3

components made of

Answer 3

stainless steel

Question 4

properties of stainless steel (7)

Answer 4

• Biocompatible
• Noncorrosive
• Ductile
• Manipulated
• Solder without impairing properties
• Elasticity – spring back – can be placed in and out of mouth without fracturing
• Relatively expensive

Question 5

stainless steel made of

Answer 5

Main constituent Iron

• mixed with small amount carbon (but corrosive)

Chromium (prevent corrosion)

Nickle (prevent corrosion) – can be nickle free if allergic

Titanium (adds to strength)

Question 6

orthodontics compared to prosthodontics

Answer 6

orthodontics move teeth

whilst prosthodontics fills gaps

Question 7

3 aims of orthodontics

Answer 7

• function
• aesthetics
• stable occlusion

Question 8

4 parts of URA design sheet

Answer 8

aim

Active component

Retentive

Anchorage

Base plate

Question 9

orthodontic study models

Answer 9

Angled base stone

• Trimmed so that when put teeth together go into exact centric occlusion – stays when turning hands free on table so can view 360

Reduces need for articulators and keep hands free

Question 10

why are not all study models orthodontic study models

Answer 10

time consuming as very specialised - so not done universally

Question 11

use of study models (10)

Answer 11

• see dentition when pt not there
• record to compare - pre and post Tx
• legally keep them on conclusion of teethment - record keeping, medical legal, prove that you did what you said
• diagnostic
• treatment plan
• design removable appliance - build on working cast not master cast in case of breakage
• pt motivators
• teaching
• retrospective studies
• forensics

Question 12

PAR

Answer 12

Peer Assessment Rating - numerical way of measuring malocclusion

• Overjet – horizontal - speech, trauma, biting, incompetent lips (gap between so no oral seal = dry mouth), lip trap
• Overbite – vertical (upper incisor edge comes further down)
• Cross bite – some teeth behind and some in front – can get anterior and posterior ones
• Midline shift – displacement of maxilla and mandible on horizontal axis

Higher the score the worse the malocclusionObjective way of scoring orthodontics

Question 13

overjet

Answer 13

horizontal -

• speech, trauma, biting, incompetent lips (gap between so no oral seal = dry mouth), lip trap

Question 14

overbite

Answer 14

• vertical (upper incisor edge comes further down)

Question 15

cross bite

Answer 15

some teeth behind and some in front – can get anterior and posterior ones

Question 16

midline shift

Answer 16

displacement of maxilla and mandible on horizontal axis

Question 17

design removable orthodontic appliance on

Answer 17

working cast not master cast

in case of breakages

want study cast to be a true representation of pt

Question 18

pros and warning of using cast as pt motivators

Answer 18

pros

• Can see the degree of issues – esp overjet
• Can cut teeth of and reset in wax in new treatment – potential end result
• Can take mid treatment to boost – pts, parents etc
  
  • Need to complete treatment – as sometimes need to destabilise entire dentition to stabilise
    
    • E.g. extract to realign – but don’t complete realign

BUT - Be careful not have unrealistic expectations – leave some small problems as always better to make better than what they expect than under achieve

*

Question 19

why is orthodontics slow

Answer 19

not too much pressure exerted on teeth

• painful
• rupture PDL
• cut off blood supply and necrosis of teeth

its a long process for bone to reconstruct - adsorption and deposition

Question 20

how many teeth moved at one

Answer 20

1 or 2 with removable appliance

move teeth in sequence as cannot move simultaneously

Question 21

what is needed post ortho treatment

Answer 21

Retainer Post treatment

• Teeth will relapse naturally if not maintained in space
• Little pressure to maintain teeth in correct place

Question 22

drawback of study casts for orthodontics

Answer 22

good crown, soft tissue representation

Not seeing bone levels or length of roots

• roots need repositioned as well
  
  • Cannot have roots crashing together
    • resorb or cut off blood supply -> necrosis

Question 23

how to manipulate wire

Answer 23

with pliers

Question 24

2 types of plier

Answer 24

adams No64 universal wire pliers (Adams Pliers)

No65 coil formers

Question 25

Adam’s pliers

Answer 25

Adams No64 Universal Wires Pliers (Adams pliers)

Pyramid shaped beaks

£212 a pair

Tungsten

Question 26

No65 coil formers

Answer 26

Narrower longer beak

Round one side flat one the other (bird beak)

Question 27

Mons Cutter

Answer 27

Wire cutters – dangerous – wire hard can ping

• Point down and away from face as cut wire at pace – so can’t ping around lab

Question 28

wire bending

Answer 28

Pliers go in dominant hand and hold rock solid – vice

• Manipulate the wire around the pliers

Need to straighten the curve

• Grip wire in pliers in dominant hand and counteract it

Graphite pencil mark where bend

• Pliers on dot
• Grip pliers and push wire away from you to get into shape then adjust
  
  • Always push away from you – safer

Hold onto tail end as sharp and don’t want to ping

Question 29

normal thickness of wire used in bending

Answer 29

0.7mm HSSW

Question 30

HSSW

Answer 30

hard stainless steel wire