Intro to Joints and Glutes

Question 1

What is a synovial joint?

Answer 1

Synovial Joints 1. Bones separated by fluid-filled joint cavity a. Bones are separated by a physical space b. Not connected by anything- physical space between bones 2. All are diarthrotic a. Means fully moveable b. Include all limb joints i. Most joints of the body 3. Not stable Need ligaments and muscles that cross the joints

Question 2

What are the 6 features of synovial joints?

Answer 2

articular cartilage synovial cavity synovial fluid joint capsule reinforcing ligaments nerves and blood vessels

Question 3

What are the other features of synovial joints?

Answer 3

fatty pads articular discs (mensci) bursae tendon sheaths

Question 4

What is articular cartilage?

Answer 4

1. Articular cartilage a. Cap at the end of the long bones b. Cartilage is not innervated i. Wont hurt if cartilage touches other cartilage c. Bone on bone would hurt i. Ex is arthritis Worn away articular cartilage

Question 5

What is a synovial cavity?

Answer 5

Physical space between the joints as well as the recesses created on the side

Question 6

Synovial fluid?

Answer 6

a. Fluid in synovial cavity b. Made by synovial membrane

Question 7

What is a joint capsule?

Answer 7

Holds the bones that are not touching together a. Fibrous layer: external i. Stronger ii. Protective layer b. Synovial membrane: inner i. Cellular and connective tissue ii. Makes fluid via filtration through membrane iii. Delicate

Question 8

What is a reinforcing ligament?

Answer 8

a. Outside of fibrous layer b. MCL and LCL

Question 9

What is a fatty pad?

Answer 9

feature of synovial joints 1. Fatty pads a. Surround paces where bone come into contact with one another b. Located between fibrous and synovial layers of joint capsule Extra adipose for cushioning

Question 10

What is an articular disc (mensci)?

Answer 10

feature of synovial joints 2. Articular discs (menisci) a. Only in knee joint b. Improves the fit between bones c. Cushion Reduces wear and tear

Question 11

What is a bursae?

Answer 11

feature of synovial joint 3. Bursae a. Miniature joint capsules Located any place where there might be friction

Question 12

What is a tendon sheath?

Answer 12

feature of synovial joint 4. Tendon Sheaths a. Elongated bursa wrapped completely around tendon subjected to friction Reduces friction

Question 13

What kind of joint do plane joints have?

Answer 13

plane joint- flat articular surface

Question 14

What kind of movement do plane joints have?

Answer 14

non axial gliding not a lot of mobility

Question 15

What kind of joint is an intercarpal joint?

Answer 15

plane joint

Question 16

What kind of joint is an intertarsal joint?

Answer 16

plane joint

Question 17

What kind of joint is an elbow joint?

Answer 17

hinge joint

Question 18

What kind of joint is an interphalangeal joint?

Answer 18

hinge joint elbow and knee

Question 19

What kind of movement does a hinge joint have?

Answer 19

uniaxial flexion and extension

Question 20

What kind of joint is a proximal radiolunar joint?

Answer 20

pivot joint radius spins against ulna allows for supination and pronation at the elbow

Question 21

What kind of joint is an atlantoaxial joint?

Answer 21

pivot joint joint in neck allows head to pivot C1 and C2

Question 22

What kind of movement does a pivot joint have?

Answer 22

uniaxial rotation

Question 23

Describe gliding movement

Answer 23

flat articular surfaces slide against one another to accommodate a large movement of wrist or ankle

Question 24

Describe nonaxial movement

Answer 24

these are micromovements mainly tiny joints

Question 25

Describe uniaxial movement

Answer 25

can only move in one plane flexion and extension OR rotation