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PSY 202 > Intro To Inteligence > Flashcards

Intro To Inteligence Flashcards

1
Q

What Is Intelligence?

A

Psychologists have not yet agreed to a specific definition of “intelligence” that everyone agrees with. However, An internal capacity hypothesized to explain people’s ability to:
1) reason abstract
2) learn to adapt to new environment circumstances
3) acquire knowledge
4) benefit from experience ( kind of like having a certain wisdom)

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2
Q

What are the four approaches to conceptualize intelligence

A

1) General vs. specific intelligence
2) Fluid vs. crystallized intelligence
3) Multiple intelligences
4) Triarchic model of intelligence

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3
Q

Where does General vs. Specific Intelligence come from

A

Psychometrics

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4
Q

What is Psychometrics

A

Psychometrics measures mental capacities/persoanlity/ intelligence
And example would be like iq tests

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5
Q

What is Charles Spearman known for

A

For Factoranalysis

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6
Q

What is Factor analysis

A

High correlations among scores on several questions
These questions measure a common ability, i.e., an underlying factor

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7
Q

General intelligence is also called

A

G factor

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8
Q

What is g factor / general intelligence

A

Underlies performance’s on various tests
- is the overall / “general” difference in IQ among people

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9
Q

What’s a possible explanation as to why general intelligence differs from people to people

A

Due to a Possible biological basis which is the Speed of neural transmission

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10
Q

What’s specific intelligence also known as

A

S factor

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11
Q

What is s factor

A

Unique to each test and contains our special skills and abilities

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12
Q

What are the 5 Components of General Intelligence

A

1) Visual-spatial ( solving a puzzle )
2) Quantitative reasoning
3) Knowledge ( reading)
4) Fluid reasoning ( solving a puzzle on the spot like a rubix cube)
5) Working memory ( ability to hold info in structural emeory/ working memory to solve a problem

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13
Q

What can general intelligence be split into?

A

Fluid vs. Crystalized Intelligence

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14
Q

What does Fluid Intelligence involve

A
  • ability to reason
  • capability to learn new things
  • abstract thinking and problem solving
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15
Q

What does Crystalized Intelligence involve

A
  • fact based
  • prior learning and experience
  • ability to use acquired knowledge to solve problems
    ( recalling information to solve)
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16
Q

Can Fluid intelligence “flow” into crystallized intelligence over time. If so provide an example

A

Yes
1) navigating in a new city
- first a person might need maps to figure out how to get places which is using fluid intelligence then , after a while it turns into crystallized because they may be able to drive to places like a fast food place or supermarket without using a map as a resource, ( this is an example of it flows because at first u learn something new and the it’s a matter of recalling it)

2) sports
- first you learn the skill and then it turns into muscle memory

17
Q

Why is there a decline of fluid intelligence as one ages .

A

1) deterioration of neurological functioning
2) fluid intelligence is used less as one ages ( especially used less frequently when they reach 50)

18
Q

What professor suggests there are multiple intelligences

A

In response to general intelligence Howard Gardner used a Case’s study approach and discovered that people posses many set of separate and indep intelligence and every individual has a different types of intelligence in which they excel at

19
Q

List the multiple types of intelligences

A

1) Linguistic
2) Logico mathematical
3) Spatial
4) Musical
5) Bodily Kinaesthetic
6) interpersonal
7) Intrapersonal
8) Naturalistic

20
Q

What characteristic of high scores do people with a Linguistic intelligence type have and what are some suggested occupations of a person with Linguistic intelligence

A

They speak and write well and are suggested to become a translator or editor

21
Q

What characteristics of high scores do people with a Logic-mathematical intelligence type have and what are some suggested occupations of a person with Logic-mathematical intelligence

A
  • use logic and mathematical skills to solve problems, like scientific questions
  • suggested to become scientists or engineers
22
Q

What characteristic of high scores do people with a Spatial intelligence type have and what are some suggested occupations of a person with Spatial intelligence

A
  • they think and reason about objects in three dimensional space
  • suggested to be architects, artists, interior designers, animation or fashion designers
23
Q

What characteristic of high scores do people with a Music intelligence type have and what are some suggested occupations of a person with Music intelligence

A
  • perfrom, undertsand and enjoy music
  • suggested to be dancers, mucians ( like taylor swift or kanye west lol) or even music teachers
24
Q

What characteristics of high scores do people with a Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence type have and what are some suggested occupations of a person with Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence

A
  • they manipulate their body in sports, dance, or other physical endeavours.
  • suggested to become athletes ( like Simone biles), coaches or physiotherapists
25
Q

What characteristics of high scores do people with an Interpersonal intelligence type have and what are some suggested occupations of a person with Interpersonal intelligence

A
  • they understand and interact effectivily with others
  • occupations of salesperson, teacher or a counceller is suggested
26
Q

What characteristics of high scores do people with an Intrapersonal intelligence type have and what are some suggested occupations of a person with Intrapersonal intelligence

A
  • undertsnad and posses insight to self
  • suggest becoming a philosopher or prophet
27
Q

What characteristics of high scores do people with a Naturalistic intelligence type have and what are some suggested occupations of a person with Naturalistic intelligence

A
  • recognize, identify, and understand animals, plants and other living things
  • suggested to become naturalists, biologists or veterinarian
28
Q

what did Gardner argue that provided support for multiple intelligences

A

he argued that autistic savants provided support for multiple intelligences

29
Q

What are autistic savants?

A

they’re really good at certain things but lack some social and linguistic skills, this term refers to someone who is hyperfocused on a certain skill but lacks others. People on the autism spectrum usually see this like Stephen Wittshire

30
Q

what are some reactions to gardners multiple intelligences

A

1) it’s impossible to falsify
2) not clear why certain abilities classify as intelligence while others don’t
3) no good evidence that these intelligences are truly independent

31
Q

what are the components of Triarchic model of intelligence

A

1) Analytical intelligence
2) Creative Intelligence
3) Practical intelligence

  • note that people may show a high degree of all intelligences or just in one and less in others
32
Q

Whats Analytical intellignce?

A
  • part of the Triarchic model of intelligence
  • deals with academic problem-solving and computation ( the act of mathematic calculation)
33
Q

WHat is Creative Intellignce?

A
  • part of the Triarchic model of intelligence
  • imaginative and innovative problem solving
34
Q

What is Practical Intelligence

A
  • part of the Triarchic model of intelligence
  • Street smarts and common sense
  • people with his intelligence interview people who are successful in different careers and these people have a better predictor of career success than IQ scones on standardized tests and arent independents of g ( idk what the independent of g means btw, it just says that in the slides)
35
Q

What Intelligence is a mix of Fluid and. Crystalized Intelligence

A

Cattell and Horn

PSY 202 (5 decks)

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