Intro to Health & Wellness

Question 1

What are the 3 domains of wellness?

Answer 1

1. cognitive
2. psychomotor
3. affective

Question 2

what is the difference between health and wellness

Answer 2

health is measured at a specific point in time and is generally a static measure
vs
wellness is an active process consisting of habits, beliefs, and actions. these are dynamic and difficult to measure

Question 3

What is the APTAs view on wellness and prevention as it relates to us as PTs?

Answer 3

we have a social responsibility to counsel patients about healthy lifestyles and educate the public about improving physical activity levels, wellness, and injury prevention

Question 4

What are the 3 main types of prevention?

Answer 4

1. primary
2. secondary
3. tertiary

Question 5

what is primary prevention? give an example

Answer 5

it is focused on stopping a disease or injury before it occurs
ex:
- providing education on lifting techniques for nurses in order to reduce episodes of LBP

Question 6

what is secondary prevention? give an example

Answer 6

early intervention of disease to decrease illness duration or severity
ex:
- screening BP on all patients
- referral of patients to other healthcare providers as indicated

Question 7

what is tertiary prevention? give an example

Answer 7

decreasing the degree of disability and promoting restoration of function in people with chronic disease
ex:
- PT leading group exercise classes for pts in a LTC facility who have suffered a CVA

Question 8

what are common barriers to PTs providing wellness messages to their patients?

Answer 8

• time constraints
• reimbursement concerns
• is it in our scope of practice? liability issues
• feeling health promotion would not change patient’s behavior
• lack of confidence/knowledge
• not knowing where to start

Question 9

what are some solutions to overcoming time constraints

Answer 9

• converse with pts during other activities

- ask about exercise/health instead of the weekend/football

Question 10

what are some solutions to overcoming reimbursement concerns

Answer 10

provide education during other treatments such as manual therapy

Question 11

what are some solutions to overcoming concerns about wellness and our scope of practice

Answer 11

it is in both the APTA and NC scope of practice

Question 12

what are some solutions to overcoming feeling that health promotion would not change a patient’s behavior

Answer 12

• there will be a lot of failures, but that is ok
• 68% of smokers ALREADY want to quit
• the chance of smoking cessation doubles when pts receive advice from more than one type of provider

Question 13

what are some solutions to overcoming lack of confidence/knowledge

Answer 13

• research!
• we don’t need to be experts
• we DO need to
  ask questions/screen for different wellness areas
  provide evidence-based info in areas we are confident in
  provide info/referrals to other professionals
  build a therapeutic alliance

Question 14

what are some solutions in overcoming not knowing where to start

Answer 14

• look to Healthy People 2030!
• our role is to
  identify risk factors
  develop appropriate interventions
  collaborate with other professionals
  advocate for health and wellness and our profession

Question 15

what are facilitators that make it more likely a PT will provide wellness information to patients?

Answer 15

• prior knowledge
• self-efficacy
• therapeutic alliance
• interprofessional communication