intro to health policy Flashcards
models of policy
consensus vs conflict
consensus: assumption from natural and physical sciences, rational consideration of alternatives, cost/benefit analysis, little focus on economic, political, or social forces
conflict: recognition of the role of ideologies ad values, groups have differential access to power
* focus on inequalities
* economic, political, or social forces affect policy
market model
neoliberalism
self interest
competition
individuals
material exchange
polis model
social democracy
“city state” in greek
more about society as a collective
sources of change are alliances and pursuit of public interest
ways of thinking about health
medical
behavioural
socio-environmental
structural
health as medically determined
most dominant
disease and risk factors
rooted in individualism
medical intervention
policy: medical care delivery
health as behaviourally determined
focus on risk factors (smoking)
aim to change behaviours
interventions: health promotion
individualism
health as environmentally determined
materialism
focus on community problems like poverty
interventions: community development, political action
no direct effects of larger economic, political, and social forces
health as structurally determined
neomaterialism
rejects individualism
focused on ideologies and organization of society
aim is to address inequalities
intervention - policy change
positivism
assuming universal laws and behaviour
we can use scientific method to form conclusions
objectivity - research can be generalized
quantitative data
post positivism
how we set up data and questions we ask is not objective and generalizable
- believing in systemic objective methods
qualitative or mixed methods
interpretivism
how people see the world
all lived experiences are important
how do people understand and interpret things
critical theory
to critique and transform society
focus on social, political, economic contexts
