Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

*Dermatology > Intro to General Dermatology > Flashcards

Intro to General Dermatology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Give the basic arrangement of skin structure

A

Sub cutis
Dermis
Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of melanocytes?

A

Makes melanosomes which are excreted and phagocytose into keranocytes where they sit above the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of Langerhans cells?

A

Process antigens and migrate to lymph nodes to induce an immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis? (inner to outer)

A
  1. Stratum basale
  2. Statum spinosum
  3. Stratum granulosum
  4. Stratum lucidum
  5. Stratum corneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the sub cutis-hypodermis consist of?

A

Fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the dermis consist of?

A

Collagen and elastin matrix with mucopolysaccharide gel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What cells are found in the dermis?

A

Fibroblasts
Dermal dendritic cells
Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does the epidermis receive its nutrients?

A

By diffusion NOT blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name some components of nail anatomy

A 
Hyponychium 
Nail plate
Lateral nailfold
Nail bed
Lunula 
Cuticle 
Proximal nailfold
Proximal nailfold
Nail matrix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 3 stages of the hair cycle?

A

ANAGEN
CATAGEN
TELOGEN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe anagen

A

Active growing phase; 80-90% of hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe catagen

A

2-3 week phase precedes telogen; growth stops/follicle shrinks; 1-3% of hairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe telogen

A

Resting phase for 1-4 months; up to 10% of hairs in a normal scalp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the condition which involves temporary hair loss following shock, stress or a traumatic event?

A

Telogen effluvium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give the 6 important functions of the skin (important exam question)

A
  • Thermoregulation
  • Skin immune system
  • Barrier
  • Sensation
  • Vit D synthesis
  • Interpersonal communication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the barrier function of the skin protect against?

A

Mechanical, chemical, microorganisms, UV light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the barrier function of the skin keep in?

A

Water + electrolytes, macromolecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What aspects of interpersonal communication does the skin aid in?

A

Physical appearance
Smell
Self-identity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How does the skin aid in vit D synthesis?

A

UV light converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholecalciferol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Give the external causes of skin disease

A 
Temp
UV
Chemical (allergen or irritant)
Infection 
Trauma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Give the internal causes of skin disease

A

Systemic disease
Genetics
Drugs
Infection

22
Q

(sidenote lol) Difference between allergen and irritant?

A

Irritant - reaction no matter who comes into contact with it

Allergen - not the same reaction in everyone

23
Q

What is photosensitivity?

A

Immune reaction triggered by sunlight (UVA, UVB, visible light or combo) (sparing under chin is indicative)

24
Q

Photosensitivity is commonly cause by what?

A

Medications (antihypertensives, NSAIDs etc)

25
Q

What are 4 conditions associated with cold injury?

A

Frostbite
Chilblains
Skin necrosis
Cold urticaria

26
Q

What is dermatitis artefacta caused by? What is a common presentation of it?

A

Trauma - psychological reasons
Commonly on non-dominant hand
Patient says ‘I just woke up one day and it looked like that’

27
Q

Most common trauma is scratching - can lead to…

A

ulceration

28
Q

What genetic condition results from 2 copies of the filaggrin gene mutation? (Deficiency)

A

Icthyosis vulgaris

29
Q

What is another genetic derm condition where tumours grow along the nervous system?

A

Neurofibromatosis

30
Q

Name an autoimmune derm condition

A

Bullous pemphigoid

31
Q

Small circumscribed area =

A

MACULE

32
Q

Larger circumscribed area =

A

PATCH

33
Q

Small raised area =

A

PAPULE

34
Q

Larger raised area =

A

PLAQUE

35
Q

Small fluid filled =

A

VESICLE

36
Q

Large fluid filled =

A

BULLA

37
Q

Small pus filled =

A

PUSTULE

38
Q

Large pus filled =

A

ABSCESS

39
Q

Loss of epidermis =

A

EROSION

40
Q

Loss of epidermis and dermis =

A

ULCER (associated with scarring, contracture, granulation)

41
Q

What does small usually mean?

A

Less than 5mm

42
Q

Try n name the most common skin conditions

A 
Acne
Psoriasis
Rosacea
Skin lesions
Urticaria
Warts
Leg ulcers
Scalp/nail disorders
Eczema
Infections/infestations
43
Q

What is the cause of eruptive xanthoma which should be treated in order to clear derm pathology?

A

Hyperlipidaemia

44
Q

What is acanthosis nigricans associated with?

A

Insulin resistance
Obesity
Malignancy

45
Q

What areas are acanthosis nigricans found in?

A

Flexural areas

46
Q

What is pretibial myxoedema associated with?

A

Thyroid disorders - 5% of Graves

Nodules full of mucinous material, also in eyes

47
Q

What derm investigations are done if bacterial infection suspected?

A
  • Charcoal swab

- MC+S (Microscopy, Culture, Sensitivities)

48
Q

What are derm investigations for if viral infection suspected?

A

Viral swab for PCR
Swab vesicle/bulla if vesicular eruption
If systemic illness, can take throat swab

49
Q

What derm investigations are done if fungal infection suspected?

A

Skin scraping
Nail clipping
Hair sample
Fungal cultures

50
Q

Simple way to take skin biopsy?

A

Punch biopsy (4/5ml of anaesthetic then one stitch after)

51
Q

Primary investigation for cellulitis?

A

Blood culture

*Dermatology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions