Intro to evidence based medicine

Question 1

What is evidence based medicine?

Answer 1

using the current best evidence in decision making in medicine together with the expertise of the decision makers and the expectation and value of the patient.

Question 2

what is evidence based medicine useful for?

Answer 2

generate good external evidence which can be used for decision making like evaluating medical or sergical intervention or efficiency of a medical device. The knowledge gained can be used for better patient care and managament

Question 3

What are the three components to evidence based medicine?

Answer 3

Clinical judgment

patient values and expectations

relevant scientific evidence

Question 4

What is clinical judgement in terms of EBM?

Answer 4

The skills and judgment that individuals with care providers acquire through clinical experience and practice.

Question 5

What are patient values and expectations in terms of EBM?

Answer 5

Each patient is unique in terms of personal preferences, expectations and individual needs. Their input is crucial in making clinical decisions.

Question 6

What is relevant scientific evidence in terms of EBM?

Answer 6

critically appraising research to guide clinical decisions. evidence can range from clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta analysis.

Question 7

What are the pros of EBM?

Answer 7

Avoid collective ignorance

allows to question standard practise

resources to supplement clinical expertise

adopted by other health professionals

Question 8

What are the cons of EBM?

Answer 8

Practice done by the cook-book

Limits clinical freedom

Questions clinical expertise

serves the interest of cost saving administrators

Question 9

What is the process of evidence collection in EBM?

Answer 9

Collected online from various data bases

Check if info is currently valid

Evaluate the quality of the evidence

integrate the newly found evidence to present knowledge

Question 10

Name and explain the 5 step approach of the EBM

Answer 10

1. Ask an answerable question
2. Acquire evidence
3. Appraise evidence
4. Apply evidence
5. Assess effectiveness

Question 11

How do you structure an answerable clinical question?

Answer 11

PICO format

P - patient population

I - Intervention

C - Comparison

O - Outcome

Question 12

How is the evidence hierarchy structured?

Answer 12

1. systematic reviews
2. randomised controlled trials
3. cohort studies
4. Case-control studies
5. Case Series, Case reports
6. Case studies, Expert opinions, Personal opinions

Question 13

How is evidence appraised?

Answer 13

1. Check for credibility of the source
2. Determine if the study is relevant to your question
3. Credibility of the article