Intro to ESTIM Flashcards
How are charges created?
when an external force is acted upon that adds or eliminates electrons
What is a negative charge?
a net gain of electrons
What is a positive charge ?
A loss of electrons
What are the 4 fundamental properties of electrical charge?
- two types of charges: Positive and Negative
- Like charges repel while opposites attract
- Charge is neither created nor destroyed
- Charge can be transferred from one object to another
Anode
The electrode with net positivity
Cathode
The electrode with net negativity
What are the parameters for ESTIM?
- Choice of appropiate current for task
- Electrode choice and placement- Size,technique, placement, number of channels
- Application of stimulus- frequency, pulse frequency, wave duration, ramp, surge, reciprocal, amplitude, and duration
List Contra-indications
- Dem and Cardiac Pacemakers
- Application over carotidsinus (vagal response)
- over eyes
- pregnancy
- placement along anterior neck
list precautions
- Persons with known arrythmia
- near fresh incisions
- Over insensate skin
- T6 and above spinal cord injury(autonomic dysreflexia)
- Transcranially or cervically with pt with hx of seizures
What is the difference between ESTIM contraction and physiological contraction?
- ESTIM: Largest axonal diameter activated 1st(fast twitch)
- Physiological: Smaller axonal diameter activated 1st (slow twitch)
What two ways does ESTIM strengthen muscle?
Overload and Specificity
When is Electrical stimulation most commonly used ?
-alleviate pain
-improve blood flow
-strengthen muscle
NMES
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation, used for muscle strengthening
FES
Functional Electrical stimulation , used for muscle reeducation
TENS
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, a pain relief method
