intro to enzymes

Question 1

what is an enzyme

Answer 1

globular protein which act as a catalyst for metabolic reactions
they are specific and have an active site

Question 2

what determines enzyme shape

Answer 2

primary structure of the protein

Question 3

what is intracellular enzyme + example

Answer 3

catalyse reaction in cell

catalase - hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen

Question 4

what is extracellular enzyme + example

Answer 4

catalyse reaction outside cell

digestive enzymes secreted to digestive tract
eg amylase - starch to maltose
pepsin - protein to polypeptide
lipase - lipid to fatty acid and glycerol

Question 5

how do enzymes work

Answer 5

speed reaction by reducing activation energy

Question 6

what is induced fit hypothesis

Answer 6

enzyme has specific active site
substrate complementary shape fits into the active site to form ESC
there is a change in shape of enzyme to fit around substrate better
ESC forms EPC

Question 7

how does it speed the rate

Answer 7

ESC changes shape substrate putting under strain
bond weaker
les activate energy needed
EPC formed