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BDS2 - DMS > Intro to DMS > Flashcards

Intro to DMS Flashcards

1
Q

Behaviour of dental materials effects the selection of material. What considerations do you need to make?

A
  • Is the material adequate and the best type?
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2
Q

What should be on a product to ensure that it is safe?

A
  • A CE mark

- However, it is not a guarantee that the material is the best available

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3
Q

What are 5 examples of restorative materials?

A
  • Amalgam
  • Composites
  • Glass ionomer cements
  • Compomers
  • Porcelain
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4
Q

What are 4 examples of impression materials?

A
  • Impression compound
  • Impression paste
  • Hydrocolloids

= Alginate

  • Elastomers

= Polysulphides

= Polyethers

= Silicones

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5
Q

What are 5 examples of metals/alloys that are used in dentistry ?

A
  • Amalgam
  • Cobalt chromium
  • Titanium
  • Gold
  • Stainless steel
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6
Q

What does Porcelain look like?

A
  • Tooth like in appearance
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7
Q

What material is used for a negative replica of the dentition?

A
  • Impression materials
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8
Q

What material is used to make a positive replica of the dentition?

A
  • Gypsum
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9
Q

What can stainless steal be used for in dentistry?(2 points)

A
  • A denture base

- An orthodontic appliance

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10
Q

What can cobalt chromium be used for in dentistry?

A
  • Partial denture
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11
Q

What is the relevance of studying DMS?

A
  • Will use many different materials with a range of characteristics and modes of use
  • Must use materials appropriately
  • Must be independent
  • Need to be able to communicate with other dental professionals
  • Provides framework for understand=nding materials
  • Be able to address health and safety issues of materials - allergic components
  • Manage patient expectations (aesthetics, longevity of restoration)
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12
Q

What are the different properties of a material that we need to know about? (3 points)

A
  • Mechanical
  • Chemical
  • Physical
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13
Q

What could a force applied to a material cause it to do? (3 points)

A
  • Stretch/compress (depends on how the force is applied)
  • Deform (temporary or permanent)
  • Fracture (failure)
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14
Q

What is compressive strength?

A

The maximum compressive stress that under gradually applied load is given solid material will sustain without fracture

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15
Q

What is tensile strength?

A
  • The greatest longitudinal stress a substance can bear without tearing apart
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16
Q

What is shear force?

A
  • Unaligned forces pushing one part of a body in one direction, and another part of the body in the opposite direction
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17
Q

What is stress?

A
  • Force applied divided by the area of the object
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18
Q

What is strain?

A
  • The change in length with respect to the original length

- Stress is proportional to strain

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19
Q

What is stress proportional to?

A
  • Strain
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20
Q

What is the Young’s modulus equal to?

A
  • Stress/strain

- It i the gradient or slope of the linear bit of a stress/strain graph

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21
Q

What is opposite of hard?

A
  • Soft
22
Q

What is the opposite of strong?

A
  • Weak
23
Q

What is the opposite of ductile?

A
  • Brittle
24
Q

What behaviour would you ideally expect from a dental material?

A
  • Ideally it would have similar properties to enamel and dentine
25
Q

What force is applied to upper teeth when biting?

A
  • Compressive force
26
Q

What is the typical biting force?

A

500 - 700N

50-70kg

27
Q

What force is applied to teeth when grinding/chewing?

A
  • Shear force - frictional force experienced

- Tooth slides along the surface of the other

28
Q

What has a greater fracture stress: enamel or dentine?

A
  • Enamel
29
Q

What is more rigid: enamel or dentine?

A
  • Enamel
30
Q

What does the choice of material influence in relation to the cavity?

A
  • The cavity design
31
Q

What is the opposite of rigid?

A
  • Flexible
32
Q

What type of cavity design would yo make for an amalgam filling?

A
  • Undercut
33
Q

What type of cavity design would you make for a composite resin?

A
  • Minimal
34
Q

What type of retention is used for amalgam fillings?

A
  • Mechanical
35
Q

What type of retention is used for composite resin fillings?

A
  • Adhesive
36
Q

What is meant by fracture?

A

Large force causing catastrophic destruction of material’s structure

37
Q

What is meant by hardness?

A
  • Ability of surface to resist indentation
38
Q

What is meant by abrasion?

A
  • Material surface removal due to grinding
39
Q

What is meant by abrasion resistance?

A
  • The ability to withstand surface layers being removed, so compromising surface integrity
40
Q

What is fatigue?

A
  • Repetitive ‘small’ stresses over time causes material fracture
41
Q

What is creep?

A
  • Gradual dimensional change due to repetitive small forces
42
Q

What does deformation mean?

A
  • An applied force may cause a permanent change in the dimensions (but not fracture it)
43
Q

What does de-bond mean?

A
  • Applied forces sufficient to break material-tooth bond
44
Q

What does impact mean?

A
  • Large, sudden force causing fracture
45
Q

What is hardness about?

A
  • The surface, it is not about the strength
  • If material is hard then indentation will be relatively small
  • If material is soft then much deeper notch will be created
46
Q

What is fatigue?

A
  • Repeated stressors over a period of time can lead to the material cracking - not one single large stress
  • Most failures are not due to the application of a single load
  • When repeated loads are applied, small flaws (cracks) in a material grow (propagate), allowing fracture when only a relatively small force is applied
47
Q

What is creep?

A
  • Repetitive forces causing dimesional change
48
Q

What is elastic limit and permanent deformation?

A
  • If you apply a certain level of stress, material will stretch
  • Eventually will reach the elastic limit - if you apply a stress larger than the material can cope with, if you release the stress the material will not return to its original length (ends up slightly longer) so ends up permanently deformed
49
Q

What are 3 things you need to consider about chemical properties?

A
  • Setting mechanism
  • Setting time
  • Corrosive potential
50
Q

What are 5 things you need to consider about physical properties?

A
  • Viscosity
  • Thermal conductivity
  • Thermal expansion
  • Density
  • Radiodensity

BDS2 - DMS (14 decks)

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