intro to cytogen Flashcards
is a sub-branch of genetics including the study of inheritance through chromosomal analysis utilizing techniques such as karyotyping, chromosomal staining and chromosomal banding, and fish or DNA microarray techniques.
cytogenetics
is the process of pairing and ordering all the chromosomes of an organism, thus providing a genome-wide snapshot of an individual’s chromosomes.
karyotyping
is a molecular cytogenetic technique that uses fluorescent probes that bind to only those parts of a nucleic acid sequence with a
FISH (Fluorescence in situ hybridization)
DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures
chromosomes
Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called
histones
Each chromosome has a constriction point called
centomere
short arm of the chromosome
p arm
The long arm of the chromosome
q arm
These highly organized structures store genetic information in living organisms. Small sections of the chromosome
genes
observed that proper embryonic development of sea urchins does not occur unless chromosomes are prese
Theodor Boveri
observed the separation of chromosomes into daughter cells during meiosis.
Walter Sutton
Gregor Mendel, began studying heredity
1843
One such powerful cytological technique
karyotyping
To observe an individual’s karyotype, a person’s cells (like ____) are first collected from
WBC; a blood sample or other tissue.
provided experimental evidence to support the chromosomal theory of inheritance. he chose __ because they can be cultured easily.
Thomas Hunt Morgan; fruit flies