Basic Mendelian

Question 1

Mendel devised a rather simple method that is still used today to discover the genotype of plants and animals.

Answer 1

test cross

Question 2

a set of genes in DNA responsible for unique trait or characteristics while the phenotype is the physical appearance or characteristic of an organism.

Answer 2

genotype

Question 3

determined by an individual’s genotype and expressed genes or by visible trait, for instance, hair color or type, eye color body shape, and height. It depends on the genotype but also influenced by the factors in the environment.

Answer 3

phenotype

Question 4

are the most basic and functional unit of heredity. It means that genes make up our DNA structure and are responsible for all the genetic traits that we have.

Answer 4

gene

Question 5

is a simple graphical way of discovering all of the potential combinations of genotypes that can occur in children, given the genotypes of their parents. It also shows the odds of each of the offspring genotypes occurring.

Answer 5

punett square

Question 6

One of the easiest ways to calculate the mathematical probability of inheriting a specific trait was invented by an early 20th century English geneticist named

Answer 6

Reginald Punnett

Question 7

was derived by Gregor Mendel when he conducted hybridization experiments in garden peas (Pisum sativum)

Answer 7

law of inheritance

Question 8

When two unlike unit factors responsible for a single character are present in a single individual, one unit factor is dominant to the other, which is said to be recessive.
In each monohybrid cross, the trait expressed in the F1 generation is controlled by the dominant unit factor. The trait not expressed is controlled by the recessive unit factor.

Answer 8

Law of Dominance

Question 9

states that when a pair of contrasting factors or genes or allelomorphs are brought together in a heterozygote (hybrid) the two members of the allelic pair remain together without being contaminated and when gametes are formed from the hybrid, the two separate out from each other and only one enters each gamete.

Answer 9

law of segregation

Question 10

states that each individual that is a diploid has a pair of alleles (copy) for a particular trait. Each parent passes an allele at random to their offspring resulting in a diploid organism. The allele that contains the dominant trait determines the phenotype of the offspring. In essence, the law states that copies of genes separate or segregate so that each gamete receives only one allele.

For the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross, the following three possible combinations of genotypes could result: homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive.

Answer 10

law of segregation

Question 11

The inheritance of more than one pair of characters.
The inheritance of more than one pair of characters (two pairs or more) is studied simultaneously, the factors or genes for each pair of characters as sort out independently of the other pairs. Mendel formulated this law from the results of a dihybrid cross.

Answer 11

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 11

The inheritance of more than one pair of characters.
The inheritance of more than one pair of characters (two pairs or more) is studied simultaneously, the factors or genes for each pair of characters as sort out independently of the other pairs. Mendel formulated this law from the results of a dihybrid cross.

Answer 11

Law of Independent Assortment