Intro to computer science

Question 1

Why program

Answer 1

Computers are the most versatile tool and are designed to do what every you tell them.

Question 2

Hardware

Answer 2

physical components of a computer

Question 3

CPU or central processing unit

Answer 3

fetch instructions,
follow the
instructions, and
product some
resulting data.

Question 4

What two parts of the cpu

Answer 4

control unit and arithmetic and logic
unit

Question 5

How the cpu works

Answer 5

Fetch/decode/execute

Question 6

Fetch

Answer 6

The CPU’s control unit fetches, from main
memory, the next instruction in the sequence of
program instructions.

Question 7

Decode

Answer 7

The instruction is encoded in the form of a
number. The control unit decodes the instruction and
generates an electronic signal.

Question 8

execute

Answer 8

The signal is routed to the appropriate
component of the computer (such as the ALU, a disk
drive, or some other device) and the signal causes
the component to perform an operation.

Question 9

Main memory

Answer 9

¨ RAM holds the
sequences of
instructions in the
programs that are
running and the
data those programs
are using.

Question 10

What is a memory address

Answer 10

Memory is divided into sections that hold an
equal amount of data.
¨ The computer stores data by setting the
switches in a memory location to a pattern that
represents a character or a number.

Question 11

what is a switch know as

Answer 11

a bit

Question 12

What is 8 switches known as

Answer 12

a byte

Question 13

List the five major hardware components of a computer system.

Answer 13

The CPU ( central processing unit), main memory, secondary storage device, input devices and output devices.

Question 14

why computers have both main memory and secondary storage.

Answer 14

The main memory gets erased when the systems shuts down so you the secondary storage to save data and important files.

Question 15

Secondary storage

Answer 15

Capable of storing
very large amounts
of data and can
access data quickly.

Question 16

Input devices

Answer 16

Input is any data the computer collects from the
outside world exp. keyboard

Question 17

Output devices

Answer 17

Output is any data the computer sends to the
outside world. exp. printers

Question 18

what are the software categories

Answer 18

operating systems and application software.

Question 19

operating systems

Answer 19

operating system is a set of programs that
manages the computer s hardware devices and
controls their processes

Question 20

application software

Answer 20

refers to programs that
make the computer useful to the user.

Question 21

What is a program

Answer 21

a set of instructions that enables the computer to complete a task an algorithm

Question 22

What is an algorithm

Answer 22

a set of well defined steps for preforming a task

Question 23

what is a key word

Answer 23

words with special meaning in the program language and may be used for their intended purpose only

Question 24

what is an operator

Answer 24

a symbol or word that perform operations of one or more operands

Question 25

what is punctuation

Answer 25

to mark the beginning and end of a statement

Question 26

what is user defined names

Answer 26

names that are defined by the programmer used to identify storage locations and parts of the program that are created by the programmer

Question 27

what is a syntax error

Answer 27

A syntax error is a mistake that the programmer makes that violates the rules of the programming language.

Question 28

Why are variables called "variable"

Answer 28

Because the data may change.

Question 29

What happens to a variable's current contents when a new value is stored there?

Answer 29

The new value will take the old values place.

Question 30

What is a compiler?

Answer 30

Translates source code into a executable form.

Question 31

What is byte code?

Answer 31

An intermediary between source code and JVM. The JVM changes the byte code into whatever it needs to be . The instruction within the instruction.

Question 32

What is the JVM?

Answer 32

java virtual machine is a program that reads java byte code instructions and executes them as read.

Question 33

Describe the difference between a program line and a statement.

Answer 33

Program line is a single line of the program and a statement is a complete instruction that causes the computer to perform an action.

Question 34

What four items should you identify when defining what a program is to do?

Answer 34

Purpose, input, process, output,

Question 35

What is pseudocode?

Answer 35

A cross between programming language and human language and helpful when designing a algorithm.

Question 36

Describe what a compiler does with a program's source code.

Answer 36

A compiler finds syntax errors and flags them and it also translates language.

Question 37

What is a runtime error?

Answer 37

an error that occurs while the program is running

Question 38

What is the purpose of testing a program with sample data or input?

Answer 38

So you can test for run time errors.