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NUR 210 > Intro to Community > Flashcards

Intro to Community Flashcards

1
Q

what is community health nursing

A

population-focused approach to planning, delivering, and evaluating nsg care
broad field gives nurses opportunity to practice in variety of settings
promote health and welfare of clients across lifespan and from diverse populations
chronic disease mngm

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2
Q

what is systems thinking

A

how an individual or unit interacts w/ other organizations or systems
explains cause and effect relationships

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3
Q

what is upstream thinking

A

focuses on interventions that promote health or prevent illness b4 an individual gets sick
precautions

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4
Q

what is nightingale’s enviornmental theory

A

relationship btwn the enviornment and health
open window theory
health is on a continuum, ever changing, adapting
preventative care

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5
Q

what are the community health nsg theories

A

systems thinking
upstream thinking
nightingale’s enviornmental theory
health belief model
milo’s framework for prevention
pender’s health promotion model
transtheoretical (TTM) of stages of change (SOC) model

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6
Q

what is the health belief model

A

predict/explain health behaviors
avoid disease w/ preventative health actions
change is made at an individual level (self-aware)
taking action to avoid disease based on:
individual perceiving disease as a threat
demographics and knowledge level
call to action for change from family, friends, health care professionals, media campaigns
benefits of making behavior changes vs barriers that keep change from happening

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7
Q

what is milo’s framework for prevention

A

change occurs at the community level
social change can occur when large number of ppl adopt behavior change

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8
Q

what is pender’s health promotion model

A

health risk does not provoke change
personal factors, benefits, barriers, and attitudes of others promote and protect health

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9
Q

what is transtheoretical (TTM) of stages of change (SOC) model

A

change occurs over time in 6 stages:
precontemplation
contemplation
preparation
action
maintenance
termination

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10
Q

what is precontemplation

A

individual is unaware of ned to change

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11
Q

what is contemplation

A

change is considered, weighs benefits and barriers

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12
Q

what is preparation

A

plan is made to make change

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13
Q

what is action

A

plan is implemented

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14
Q

what is maintenance

A

actions are taken to continue the chnaged behavior

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15
Q

what is termination

A

new behavior is developed
intentional behavior change us not necessary any longer

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16
Q

what is the precaution adoption model

A

similar to TTM
adds a stage in between precontemplation and contemplation
unengaged stage
no termination stage

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17
Q

what is the unengaged stage

A

does not engage in an issue, aware, but no engaged

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18
Q

factors of readiness to learn

A

literacy level
cultural concerns
current health knowledge and understanding

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19
Q

what is the goal of community health nursing

A

to promote. preserve, and maintain tye health of populations by the delivery of health services to individuals, families, and groups in order to influence “community health”

20
Q

what are aggregates

A

group of ppl w/ the same illness or demographic
large population
individual

21
Q

what barriers have a negative impact on learning

A

pain
limited mobility
vision deficits
hearing deficits

22
Q

who are part of vulnerable populations

A

increased riks for health disparities
chronically ill
conditions last >1 year
preventable disease make up majority of chronic conditions
cause strain on finances and relationships
do not increasingly improve with treatment over time, they are managed insread

23
Q

community based nursing career examples

A

RN health caoch
RN case manager
primary care office nurse
home hospice nurse
school nurse
diabetes nurse educator
parish nursh
insurance nurse
community clinic nurse
home health nurse
occupational health nurse

24
Q

what is community based nursing

A

addresses the needs of INDIVIDUAL members of a community

25
Q

community based nursing examples

A

encourage pt to see their pcp when ill
helping pt enroll in health insurance
help a pt schedule screening exams when symptoms arise
performing a wound dressing for a homebound individual

26
Q

what is community oriented nurse

A

nurse focuses on disease prevention, health promotion, and restorative care
popution (aggregate) focused
goal to promote better health and prevent disease
motivating individuals to attain highest wellness level
research on current data to gain knowledge and solutions for public health probs
CDC

27
Q

focus of care for communty oriented nsg

A

aggregates, communities, popultions (public health)
can include at-risk or underserved individuals and families

28
Q

focus of care for comminity based nsg

A

individuals and families

29
Q

primary goal of community oriented nsg

A

health promotion and disease prevention

30
Q

primary goal of community based nsg

A

mngment of acute or chronic conditions

31
Q

nursing activities for community oriented nsg

A

usually indurect (program management)
can include direct care of at-risk individuals and populations

32
Q

nsg activies for community based nsg

A

direct (one on one)
illness care: management of acute and chronic conditions in settings where individuals, families, and groups live, work and attend (schools, camps, prisons)

33
Q

what is public health

A

emphasis is on primary prevention
wokr is to promote the greatest good for the greatest number of ppl
the pt is a partner in health outcomes
resources are used to reach populations

34
Q

principles guiding community health nsg

A

ethics
advocacy
evidence based practice
quality
professional collaboration and communication

35
Q

nurse advocacy in community nsg

A

nurse is informer, supporter, and mediator
clients have the right to make decisions that affect their health and welfare
promote nurse pt relationships based on trust, collaboration, and shared respect
pt is responsible for their own health
advocate for resources or services that meet the pt health care needs
is assertive when advocating for pts needs, willing to progress yp through chain of command
advocate for communities and populations to change health care delivery and improve quality of life

36
Q

evidence based data involves….

A

using best practices, expert opinion, and pt preferences to improve the delivery of pt care
goal: improve pt outcomes
should examine data obtained from research studies to have minimal bias (quality of study) a strong effect of the outcome (quantity) and if study can be repeated (consistency)
peer-reviewed

37
Q

data for community

A

policies that improve health for a group
media campaigns that support guidelines for immunizations
task force on community pventative services that reviews health promotion and disease prevention guidelines
consider cost, benefit to pt, pt satisfaction, safety, culture and demographics
community-based participatory research:
includes partners, professionals, and community residents in identifying health issues and interventions
develops leaders in community, promotes collaboration w/ health professionals

38
Q

prevention activities examples

A

immunizations
fluoidation of h2o supplies
family planning
exercise promotion
health promotion education class

39
Q

primary prevention

A

target pt who are at risk but show no manifestations
educate pt to reduce risk factors
avoid unhealthy practices
effective in schools, community and nutrition centers, setting with health-education classes

40
Q

secondary prevention

A

early detection of disease
early/peroidic health screening
nurses involved w/ secondary prevention strategies in community, healthcare facilities and schools

41
Q

tertiary orevention

A

limit progression of a disease
minimize related disabilities
maximize recovery through rehab
prevent complications of disease and minimize effects of disabilites

42
Q

primary prevention public health

A

prevent violence occuring
may involce aiming to change attitudes
ex. antiviolence campaigns, empowerment programs

43
Q

secondary prevention public health

A

prevent reoccurence of violence
ex. screening programs, addressing risk factors like alc use, referrals to legal serives

44
Q

tertiary prevention public health

A

prevent death and disability
treat problems as a result of violence
ex. mental health treatment and support, safe-houses and legal advocacy

45
Q
A

NUR 210 (10 decks)

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