Intro to CNS (Lecture 1) Flashcards
Basic Function of CNS?
Collect, process & send info (sensory & motor)
What Units Make up CNS?
Neurons (100b) + Glia (support cells) (1000b)
How do Neurones Communicate?
Secretion of NT’s at Boutons
What is at the ‘Base’ of a neurone?
Dendrites
What is the apex of a neurone?
Axon
How are NT vesicles moved to the Presynaptic membrane?
Microtubule Transport with energy via Mitochondria
What is LTP (Long Term Potentiation?)
Changing function of dendritic spines due to repetitive stimulation of neurone pathways over time. Allows learning in CNS.
What is Grey Matter?
Collection of neurones, synapses & processes (& support cells)
Where is Grey Matter found?
Brain (outside) & Spinal Cord (inside)
What cells perform myelination?
Schwann cells in PNS
Oligodendrocytes in CNS
What are the gaps between myelinated parts of neurones called?
Nodes of Ranvier
What is White Matter?
Collection of nerve fibres (mostly myelinated)
Label the Head Diagram with Names
See Word Document
Descrive the different slice directions
Coronal = Headphone
Sagittal = Arrow
Horizontal
2 Main Parts of CNS
Brain & Spinal Cord
Label the Brain Diagram - include Diencephalon, Brain Stem (Mid, Pons, Medulla), Cerebellum & Hemispheres
See Word Doc
Label the Brain Diagram (2) - Lobes, Sulci & Fissures
Central Sulcus
Parieto-Occipital Sulcus
Lateral Fissure with Insula
Pre-Occipital Notch
Where is the Insula?
Floor of lat fissure
What do Gyri do?
Increase surface area & vol of grey matter (cortex)
What is found either side of Central Sulcus?
Precentral & Postcentral Gyri
What makes up the Diencephalon?
Thalamus, Hypothalamus & more
What makes up the Brainstem (3 parts)
Midbrain
Pons
Hindbrain
Where is the Interventricular Foramen?
Between Lateral & 3rd Ventricles
Where is the Cerebral Aqueduct?
Between 3rd & 4th ventricles
What Ventricle is the Midbrain Related to?
3rd
What part of the brainstem is the 4th Ventricle related to?
Medulla
What is the name given to the largest collection of white matter?
Corpus Callosum
Label the Brain Diagram with Corpus Callosum, IV Foramen, Cingulate Gyrus, Fornix & Thalamus
See Word Doc
Where is Thalamus found?
Wall of 3rd ventricle
Label the CT similar to Q. 28
See Word Doc
Name the type of slice taken on Image 6
Coronal/Saggital
Name the 2 major parts of White Matter within Cerebral Hemisphere
Corona Radiata
Internal Capsule
What is the Internal Capsule?
White Matter Fibres Passing To/From Midbrain
Label Int Capsule, Putamen (& Globus Pallidus), Thalamus & Caudate Nucleus on Image 7
Word Doc
Now point to these structures on Image 6
Word Doc
What makes up the Lentiform Nucleus?
Putamen
Globus Pallidus
What is Amygdala?
End of the Tail of the Caudate Nucleus (Locate on Image 7)
What Type of Slice is Image 9? Label Image 9
Horizontal
Name the bulges of the midbrain. How many are there?
Cerebral peduncles.
2.
Label the parts of the midbrain on Image 12.
Cerebral Aqueduct
Cerebral Peduncles
How many bulges does the Pons have?
1
What is the name of the Pons’ peduncle?
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
Label the features of the Pons on Image 13.
Include 4th Ventricle
How many Bulges in Medulla?
4
Label Image 14 - Features of the Medulla
Pyramids
Olives
What makes up the Pyramids of the Medulla?
White Matter
What side do most Cranial Nerves exit from?
Ventral
Where do most Cranial Nerves Emerge From? How many?
Brainstem.
10.
