Intro to Cell B Flashcards
What are the 10 living thing characteristics?
- Cellular Structure
- Growth
- Development
- Reproduction
- Metabolism
- Response to Stimuli
- Adaptation
- Homeostasis
- Evolution
- Limited lifespan
What are 5 shared characteristics between organisms?
- Similarity in cell structure/function / chemical composition
- Common set of chemical composition compounds
- Composed of 6 elements
- Contain genetic information that goes from DNA to RNA to protein
- They use the same amino acids
What are the two important characteristics of nucleic acids?
They can reproduce themselves and serve as templates for the synthesis of proteins.
What primordial cellular structure was composed of fatty acids and was an important step in the evolution of life?
liposomes
How did photosynthetic organisms change earths atmosphere?
- Photosynthesis allowed organisms to capture energy from the sun
- Aerobic metabolism is much more efficient than anaerobic
- With oxygen accumulation life moved onto land
How did eukaryotes evolve?
Ancestral prokaryotes had infolding of plasma membrane along with the presence of cyanobacterium and aerobic bacterium
What does chemical breakdown of organisms produce?
Building blocks for structures and energy for cell works.
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a constant internal environment.
What are the major information systems of animals?
Nervous, hormonal, and immune
What are the subunits of DNA?
Nucleotides
What is a genome?
All DNA in a cell
What are translation and transcription? What are these two processes responsible for?
Translation is RNA synthesis and transcription is protein synthesis. Together this makes gene expression.
What is a mutation
A permanent change in DNA sequence
What are the two general types of experiments?
Comparative and controlled experiments
