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msk > intro to bone > Flashcards

intro to bone Flashcards

1
Q

long bone appperance

A

diaphysis with two epiphysis

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2
Q

example of long bone

A

humerus

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3
Q

short bone appearance

A

cuboidal shape etc.

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4
Q

example of short bone

A

carpals

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5
Q

flat bone apperance

A

two layers of compact bone with spongy bone in between

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6
Q

example of flat bone

A

skull bones

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7
Q

pneumatic bones apperance

A

bones that contain air spaces

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8
Q

examples of pneumatic bone

A

mastoid

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9
Q

irregular bone apperance

A

bones with irregular shape

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10
Q

example of irregular bone

A

vertebrae

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11
Q

sesamoid bone apperance

A

formed in a tendon

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12
Q

example of sesamoid bone

A

patella

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13
Q

head of bone

A

one of the epiphyses

in most bones this is the most proximal portion (besides ulna)

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14
Q

diaphysis

A

the main portion of lone bones, also referred to as the shaft or body

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15
Q

tubercle

A

a raised area of bone for muscle attachment

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16
Q

neck

A

the portion that attaches the head to the diaphysis

17
Q

tuberosity

A

roughening on bone for muscle attachment

18
Q

sulcus/groove

A

a groove on bone, usually associated with a raised area and often has a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel travelling through it

19
Q

epicondyle

A

rounded/raised area superior to the condyle

20
Q

condyle

A

a rounded bony protrusion for articulation

21
Q

axial skeleton

A

midline bones forming the head, neck, and trunk

22
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

bones of the limbs

23
Q

how many cervical vertebrae?

A

7

24
Q

how many thoracic vertebrae?

A

12

25
Q

how many lumbar vertebrae?

A

5

26
Q

how many sacral vertebrae?

A

5

27
Q

how many coccyx vertebrae?

A

4

28
Q

vertebrae are joined together by

A

intervertebral discs

reinforced by ligaments

29
Q

features of typical vertebra

A
  • body
  • spinous process
  • 2x transverse process
  • 2x lamina
  • 2x pedicles
  • 2x superior articular facets
  • 2x inferior articular facets
  • vertebral canal
30
Q

features of typical ribs

A
  • flat bones
  • articulate with body and transverse process of vertebrae posteriorly
  • articulate with sternum anteriorly via costal cartilage
  • costal groove contains neurovascular bundle
31
Q

true ribs

A

directly attached to sternum via costal cartilage (1-7)

32
Q

false ribs

A

indirectly attached to sternum via costal cartilage (8-10)

33
Q

floating ribs

A

not attached to sternum (11-12)

34
Q

features of sternum

A
  • flat bone

- articulate with clavicle and costal cartilages

35
Q

features of clavicle

A
  • long bone
  • oriented horizontally
  • curved
  • inferior surface rough due to muscle attachment
  • articulates with scapula and sternum
  • only connection between the upper limb and trunk

msk (20 decks)

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