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Foundations of Medicine > Intro to blood > Flashcards

Intro to blood Flashcards

1
Q

Average circulating volume of blood in typical adult male

A

70kg, 5L
1L in lungs
3L in systemic venous circulation
1L in heart & arterial circulation

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1
Q

Average circulating volume of blood in typical adult male

A

70kg, 5L
1L in lungs
3L in systemic venous circulation
1L in heart & arterial circulation

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2
Q

Function of Blood

A
  • Carriage of physiologically active compounds (plasma)
  • Clotting (platelets)
  • Defence (white blood cells)
  • Carriage of gas (red blood cells)
  • Thermoregulation
  • Maintenance of ECF pH
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3
Q

Name plasma proteins

A
  • Albumin
  • Globulin ( alpha, beta, gamma globulins)
  • Fibrinogen + other clotting factors
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4
Q

Explain oncotic pressure

A

Oncotic pressure produced by plasma protein which keep the water within the plasma

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5
Q

Life span of red blood cells and platelets in circulation

A

Erythrocytes (RBC) = 120 days

Platelets = 10 days

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6
Q

Function of RBC

A

Deliver oxygen to tissues

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7
Q

Function of erythropoietin

A

Speeds up erythopoiesis (maturation of erythrocytes), occurs in bone marrow

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8
Q

Where is erythropoietin produced

A

85% kidney

15% liver

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8
Q

Where is erythropoietin produced

A

85% kidney

15% liver

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9
Q

Factors increasing secretion of erythropoietin

A
  • Haemorrhage (blood loss)
  • Anaemia (reduced production of RBCs)
  • Cardiac dysfunction (cannot pump oxygen efficiently enough around body)
  • Lung disease (cannot oxygenate blood)
  • Hypoxia in liver
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10
Q

5 main types of WBC

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Basophils
  • Eoisinophils
  • Monocytes
  • Lymphocytes
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11
Q

Difference between monocyte and macrophage

A
  • Monocytes circulate in blood

- Macrophage are monocytes that migrate to tissue

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11
Q

Difference between monocyte and macrophage

A
  • Monocytes circulate in blood

- Macrophage are monocytes that migrate to tissue

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12
Q

WBC divisions

A

WBC -> Granulocytes + Agranulocytes
Granulocytes -> Neutrophils + Basophils + Eosinophils
Agranulocytes -> Monocytes + Lymphocytes

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13
Q

Leukopoiesis influence and control

A
  • Controlled by variety of cytokines (proteins / peptides that act on another cell type)
  • Influenced by:
  • > Colony Stimulating Factors
  • > Interleukins (leukins = WBC, communication between WBCs)
14
Q

Function of platelets

A

Adhere to damaged vessel walls and exposed connective tissue to mediate blood clotting

15
Q

What is a haematocrit

A

Measurement of RBC volume

16
Q

Factors which influence blood viscosity

A
  • > Temperature - increase temperature, decrease viscosity and vice versa
  • > Flow Rate - decrease flow rate, increase viscosity and vice versa

Foundations of Medicine (8 decks)

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