Intro to Bacteriology Flashcards
What are heterotrophs?
Bacteria that derive their energy from organic compounds
What are 3 main ways heterotrophs derive energy
- Aerobic respiration - Anaerobic respiration - Fermentation
How does aerobic respiration work?
Glyoclysis, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. Oxygen is used as final electron acceptor
How does anaerobic respiration work?
Just glycolysis. Inorganic molecules (e.g. nitrate or sulphate) used as final electron acceptors
How does fermentation work?
Just glycolysis. Uses organic molecule (e.g. pyruvate or amino acid) as final electron acceptors
What are obligate aerobes?
Require oxygen for survival and growth
What are obligate anaerobes?
Cannot survive in presence of oxygen (oxygen is toxic)
What are facultative anaerobes?
Can survive and grow in both presence and absence of oxygen due to metabolic flexibility- can switch between aerobic and anaerobic/fermentation.
What does obligate mean?
Dependent on something. E.g. obligate aerobe can only derive energy through aerobic respiration Obligate parasite can only survive in the host The reverse of obligate in respiration terms is faculatative
What do bacteria mainly use to adhere to hosts?
Pilli. They differ their pilli to attach to different areas of the body.
Give two examples of different pilli, and the area of the body they adhere to
Type 1 pilus- host bladder P pillus- kidney cells
What are the two types of simple unicellular bacteria?
Free living- can survive and replicate in or out of cell Obligate intracellular- can only survive and replicate in intracellular environment
