Intro To Audiology Flashcards
the study of hearing and hearing disorders
Audiology
The discipline involved in the prevention, identification, and evaluation of hearing disorders, the selection and evaluation of hearing aids, and the habilitation/ rehabilitation of individuals with hearing loss.
audiology
Early Aural Rehab Team:
SLP, deaf educators, psychologists, and ENT.
1936 to 1940, Northwestern:
instructor in speech reeducation
The sound that we listen to is a form of energy, a
Soundwave
will propagate through a ___.
Medium
Conductive Mechanism of ear
Outer and middle ear
Main purpose of middle ear
Prevent energy loss
Sensory Mechanism
Inner ear
When the sound reaches the cochlea, this is when ___ happens
Trasnduction
What is transduction
you change the form from one form to another; from a sound wave to an electrical impulse
Main purpose of inner ear
equalize the loss that could have happened in the cochlea by the mechanism of your ME
If basag yung eardrums or sira yung
auricles, you’ll already have an HL of ___
Around 30dB
● Sound collector
● Boosts acoustic pressure
- localizationn
Pinna
Permit sound waves to reach the eardrum
Auditory canal
● End of the external ear
● Absorbs sound vibration and passes it to
the cochlea
Eardrum
Closed tube resonator → amplifies HF
sound waves
Outer ear
Good nerve supply
Self cleaning mechanism of →epithelial migration
Sebaceous gland → cerumen
EAM
● Transparent/translucent, pearl-gray, intact
● Anchored by annular or tympanic sulcus
● e ffective vibrating area is approximately 55mm2
TM
○ Thin epithelium and continuous with the lining of EAC.
Outermost layer of TM
What do we look for in an intact TM?
cone of light
If the cone of light is pointing at 5:00 this is
right ear
If the cone of light is pointing at 7 pm
It’s the left ear
Serves as bridge between the external
and inner ear
Ossicular chain
Three Ossicles
○ Malleus
○ Incus
○ Stapes
● Provides ventilation to the middle ear
● Can sometimes cause the feeling of fullness when the nose is blocked
Eustachian Tube
● Balance organ
● Located adjacent to the hearing organ
● Allows a person to stand upright
Vestibular Labyrinth
● Converts sound waves into electrical signals understandable to the brain
Cochlea
● Carries electrical signals from the cochlea to the brain
Auditory Nerve
● Primary organ for audition
● TRANSDUCTION
● 2.5 turn
● Modiolus → bony
● Membranous channel
Cochlea
● Organ of Corti → receptor end organ of hearing
● Rests w/in basilar membrane
- Narrow at the base and wider at the apex
scala media
● Electrochemical neural information
● Inner and Outer Hair cells
Organ of Corti
The base of the basilar membrane has the ___ frequency
Highest frequency
The apex of the basilar membrane has ___ frequency
Low frequency
series of pressure waves caused by a vibrating object and propagated through an elastic medium.
Sound
the rate of sound pressure waves, or how often the molecules are displaced in a given period of time
Frequency
the amplitude of sound waves, or how far the molecules are displaced from their original position
Intensity
the Interaction of various frequencies and intensities that make up sound
Complexity
Inspect the pinna and the area around
it for any abnormalities such as preauricular sinuses, skin tags, or atresia;
External ax of Pinna
○ Check for position (set or tilt)of the ears,
○ Tenderness, redness or edema, signs of drainage, foul odor, wax build-up in the outer ear canal, or dermatitis.
External Ax of Pinna
○ signs of drainage,
○ wax buildup,
○ foreign bodies,
Internal Ax of ear
○ redness of the ear canal,
○ note presence or absence of normal
tympanic membrane landmarks.
Internal ax of ear
