Intro to Aud Rehab (Chap 1) Flashcards
Prevalence
the # of individuals per segment of the population that have a particular condition
Prevalence of Hearing loss
10% of the US population, and 30% for those individuals over 60 yrs of age
Incidence
the # of persons diagnosed with HL per a given time period
scope of practice that audiologist & SLPs share in treatment of DHH
Speechreading training Development of communication strategies
2001 definition of audiologic rehabilitation and aural rehabilitation
a ecological, interactive process that facilitates one’s ability to minimize or prevent the limitations & restrictions that auditory dysfunctions can impose on well-being and communication, including interpersonal, psychosocial, educational, and vocational functioning
Audiologic rehabilitation used to refer to
done by audiologists
Aural rehabilitation used to refer to
services done by SLPs
Audiologic rehab/Aural rehab is now replaced by term
Auditory Rehabilitation
Auditory Habilitation refers to
serving patients under 18 of age with HL and their families
Ecological approach to rehabilitation according to ASHA
centers on the whole person, facilitating functioning and interaction within patient-specific contexts
roles of audiologists & slps in providing auditory rehabilitative services are
complementary interrelated overlapping
Nonbehavioral tests
assessments that measure physiological resposes to sound
Audiological assessment can involve
nonbehavioral & behavioral testing
Behavioral tests
Assess patients’ conscious responses to auditory stimuli
Audiometer
used by audiologists to measure hearing sensitivity (softest sounds pt can hear)
Cross-check principle
when audiologist confirm behavioral assessments with nonbehavioral results
Screening
a short testing process that serves to distinguish persons who may have a condition, that needs further evaluation from those who don’t need it
Test positive means
fail screening
Diagnostic Eval
A complete evaluation that involves a recognized “gold standard” test to confirm the type, degree, and configuration of HL
pure-tone stimuli
The sounds of varying frequencies and hearing levels that the audiologist presents to the pt in the sound-treated booth
Air-conduction stimuli travel through
air to outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear
Bone-conduction stimuli stimulate
directly the inner ear (bypass the outer & middle ears) through vibration of the bones of the skull
Inner ear
sensorineural mechanism
outer and middle ears
conductive mechanism
Pure-tones are transmitted via loudspeakers
air conduction
pure-tones are transmitted through bone oscillator placed on the mastoid bone behind the ear or on the forehead
bone conduction
pure-tone threshold
the softest pure tone that a patient can detect 50% of the time
pure-tone thresholds are measured in
at various frequencies in Hz (indicate pitch)
Octave frequencies assessed for air conduction
250-8000Hz
Octave frequencies assessed for bone conduction
250-4000Hz
audiogram
graph used to document the results of a audiologic evaluation
Horizontal axis of audiogram
represents frequency
vertical axis of audiogram
represents hearing level measured in decibels (dB)
Masking
a procedure used by audiologists to ensure that the non-test ear does not participate
VRA stands for
Visual Reinforcement audiometry
Visual Reinforcement Audiometry
testing paradigm for children 6 mo- 2yrs, uses animated toys hidden behind smoked Plexiglass on top of the loudspeakers. C -Children rewarded for head-turn response, regardless of whether child localizes to the correct side or loudspeaker
Conditioned oriented response
similiar to VRA but requires localization to correct side/loudspeaker for reinforcement (also appropriate for 6mo-2yrs of age)
Play audiometry
testing paradigm for age 2-5 years, co nditioned to complete a repetitive, motoric task to indicate detection of an auditory stimulus (ex: dropping blocks in bucket)
Range in dB HL for Normal hearing
-10 to 15 dB HL
Ability to understand speech in -10dB to 15DB HL
No difficulty understanding faint or distant speech
Minimal degree of HL: Range in dB HL
16 to 25 dB HL
Ability to understand speech in 16 to 25 dB HL
May have difficulty hearing faint or distant speech
Mild HL range in dB HL
26 to 40 dB HL
Ability to understand speech in mild HL
can “Hear” speech, but misses pieces of words causing misunderstanding
Moderate HL range in dB HL
41 to 55 dB HL
Ability to understand speech in Moderate HL
May understand familiar conversational speech at a distance of 3-5 ft
Moderately Severe HL range in dB HL
56 to 70 dB HL
Ability to understand speech in moderately severe
May understand only loud speech
Range in dB HL in Severe HL
71 to 90 dB HL
Speech understanding in Severe HL
may hear a loud shout 1 foot from the ear
Speech understanding in Profound HL
Not able to use hearing for communicatio
Range in dB HL in Profound HL
91 dB HL and greater
Modderate to profound Mixed Hearing loss (sensorineural & conductive HL), Ex etiology: noise exposure & perforated ear drum
Mild conductive hearing loss in both ears. (bone conduction thresholds are normal, but air conduction thresholds indicate HL). Means cochlea is normal, but there is some blockage to sound in the middle or outer ears. Ex etiology: Otitis media (ear infection)
