Intro to anatomy of lungs, airways and blood supply

Question 1

List some functions of the respiratory system.

Answer 1

Gas exchange
Acid-base balance
Protection from infection
Communication via speech

Question 2

What is the function of pulmonary circulation?

Answer 2

Delivers CO2 to lungs and picks up O2

Question 3

What is the function of systemic circulation?

Answer 3

Delivers O2 around body

Question 4

What is the average exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide per minute

Answer 4

250ml oxygen consumed

250ml carbon dioxide produced

Question 5

Where is the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 5

Larynx and above

Question 6

Where is the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 6

Trachea and below

Question 7

Why do aspirated foreign bodies often lodge in the right bronchus instead of the left?

Answer 7

It is wider and joins the trachea at a wider angle

Question 8

What can be used to identify bronchioles?

Answer 8

Lack of cartilaginous rings

Question 9

Give an account of Type I alveolar cells (pneumocytes)

Answer 9

Makes up the bulk of alveoli and a major component of the gas exchange surface

Question 10

Give an account of Type II alveolar cells (pneumocytes)

Answer 10

Responds to damage to type I cells and synthesises surfactant

Question 11

Where does gas exchange take place?

Answer 11

At alveoli in respiratory system and through capillaries in circulation as only the very thin walls of capillaries allow gas exchange