Intro to anatomy Flashcards
Hippocratic medicine
philosophical approach to understanding illness that emphasised the natural basis for disease
Four humors – blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile
no dissection <=> religion
first ancient greek physicians to perform systematic dissections of human cadavers
3rd century BC, Alexandria: Herophilus and Erasistratus
Galen
roman physicist that reconciled empiric vs dogmatic views
anatomy is based on dissection of animals
-> encourages ppl to see what’s inside the body
What did the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II issued a decree that in the 13th century?
A human body should be dissected at least once every five years
Compulsory attendance for all practicing surgeons and physicians
how did dissections work in middle ages
The anatomist reads from the text – often Galen
The assistant (sometimes a surgeon) performed the dissection
Vesalius findings
Found that Galen’s reliance on animal dissection had led to errors in human anatomy
research breakthroughs
circulation of the blood by William Harvey (17th century) – anatomical understanding underpinned research into function
New technologies – ‘wet preparations’ from late 17th century
teaching method at William Hunter’s private anatomy school at Great Windmill Street in London promised + led to…
‘Paris manner’ of dissection – each student being able to dissect cadavers for themselves <-> bodysnatching
when did body donation emerge
emerged as an alternative in the mid-twentieth century, as attitudes towards the sick poor also changed and were ‘made publicly manifest in the creation of the new National Health Service in 1948’
inspection
3D visualisation of what lies under the skin
palpation
- feeling structures under the skin
