Intro to anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what is the anatomical position

A
  • face forward with eyes and toes pointing same direction
  • put arms by your sides with palms facing forward
  • put lower limbs close together with feet parallel to each other
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2
Q

limits of body regions

A
  • head is superior to all structures in the body
  • feet are inferior to all structures in the body
  • hands are most lateral
  • umbilicus is most medial
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3
Q

what does the upper limb include

A
  • arm
  • elbow
  • forearm
  • wrist
  • hands
  • fingers
  • thumb
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4
Q

what does the lower limb include

A
  • thigh
  • knee
  • leg
  • ankle
  • foot
  • toes
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5
Q

what are the 8 major parts of the body

A
  • head
  • neck
  • thorax
  • back
  • abdomen
  • pelvis/perineum
  • lower limb
  • upper limb
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6
Q

what does ipsilateral mean

A

structures on the same side

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7
Q

what does contralateral mean

A

structures on opposite sides

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8
Q

define anterior (ventral)

A

nearer the front of the body

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9
Q

define posterior (dorsal)

A

nearer the back of the body

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10
Q

define medial

A

nearer to median plane

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11
Q

define lateral

A

farther from median plane

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12
Q

define inferior (caudal)

A

nearer to feet

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13
Q

define superior (cranial)

A

nearer to head

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14
Q

what are the anatomical planes

A
  • coronal plane - separates front and back
  • sagittal plane - separates left and right
  • transvers/axial plane - separates upper and lower
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15
Q

define superficial

A

nearer to surface

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16
Q

define intermediate

A

between a superficial and deep structure

17
Q

define deep

A

farther from surface

18
Q

define proximal

A

nearer to trunk or point of origin

19
Q

define distal

A

farther from trunk or point of origin

20
Q

define palmar (hand)

A

anterior hand (palm)

21
Q

define dorsal (hands and feet)

A

posterior hand and superior foot surface

22
Q

define plantar (feet)

A

inferior foot surface (sole)

23
Q

what plane do flexion and extension occur in

24
Q

define flexion

A

decreases angle in joint by bringing bones closer together

25
Q

define extension

A

straightening movement that increases angle in joint

26
Q

what plane do abduction and adduction occur in

27
Q

define abduction

A

taking structures away from midline

28
Q

define adduction

A

bringing structures towards midline

29
Q

what plane do lateral and medial rotation occur in

A

transverse

30
Q

define lateral rotation

A

rotation away from midline

31
Q

define medial rotation

A

rotation towards midline

32
Q

define circumduction

A

combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

33
Q

define supination

A

facing away from ground

34
Q

define pronation

A

facing down towards ground

35
Q

terms associated with movement of ankle

A
  • dorsiflexion = foot up
  • plantarflexion = foot down
  • inversion = foot in
  • eversion = foot out
36
Q

terms associated with movement of hand

A
  • opposition = joining thumb and pinky
  • reposition = relaxing thumb and pinky