Intro, Theories And Methodologies

Question 1

What are the 3 main braid development domains?

Answer 1

Physical

Cognitive

Pyschosocial

Question 2

What is physical development?

Answer 2

Growth and physical changes in the body, appearance and aging

Question 3

What is cognitive development?

Answer 3

Changes in learning, memory, perception, thinking, and problem-solving

Question 4

What is psychosocial development?

Answer 4

Personal and interpersonal aspects (personality, emotions, social skills, relationships) and roles played within family and society

Question 5

What are the three key themes and issues discussed with regards to human development?

Answer 5

1) nature versus nurture (biological forces or environment)
2) Continuity versus discontinuity (Are changes gradual or abrupt)
3) Universality verse context specific (do we all follow the same path or doChanges differ from person to person?)

Question 6

What is a theory?

Answer 6

Not just an idea or guess

But something
testable
Organised
Used to explain development
Used to understand explain and predict human behaviour
Contributes to further study and research

Question 7

What are four major theoretical perspectives?

Answer 7

Psycho analytic
Learning
Cognitive
Ecological (contextual theories)

Question 8

Who are the main contributors to psychoanalytic theories?

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Answer 8

Freud

Ericsson

Question 9

Who are the main contributors to learning theories?

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Answer 9

Watson
Skinner
Bandura

Question 10

Who are the main contributors to cognitive theories?

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Answer 10

Piaget

Vygostky

Question 11

Who is the main contributor to ecological theories?

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Answer 11

Bronfenbrenner

Question 12

What is

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Answer 12

Psychoanalytic- Freud, Ericsson
Learning- Watson, Skinner, Bandura
Cognitive – Piaget, Vygotsky
Ecological – Bronfenbrenner

Question 13

Freud psychoanalytic theory is…

Answer 13

Biologically based sexual instincts that motivate behaviour and their development through five psychosexual stages from birth to 12 years older

Question 14

Freud’s theory has three parts of the mind.

What are they?

Answer 14

Conscious(What you’re aware of)
Pre-conscious (capable of being conscious, like not focused on something but able to receive it and calling your name out when you’re focused on a TV show)
Unconscious (biological instincts)

Question 15

What is the aim in Freud psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 15

To become more aware of our unconscious motives and desires (hence psychoanalytic dream analytics Hipnosis)

Question 16

What images used in Freud psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 16

Iceberg

Question 17

What are the three parts of the psych in Freud psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 17

Id (pleasure principle irrational)
Ego (reality principle or rational part)
Super ego (internalised moral standards)

Problems arise when psychic energy is unevenly distributed amongst the 33

Question 18

How does Erikson’s theory differ from Freud’s?

Answer 18

It grew out of Freud, but acknowledged social influences (example peers and teachers)
There is a less emphasis on selfish ID and on the rational ego
More positive view of human nature (we are more active in our development, rational and able to overcome negative early experiences)
human development continues during adulthood

Question 19

What is Ericsson psychoanalytic theory in a nutshell?

Answer 19

Individuals progress through eight psychosocial complex as they mature biologically and attempt to adapt to their social environment