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philosophy 101 > intro/Socrates/Euthyphro/apology > Flashcards

intro/Socrates/Euthyphro/apology Flashcards

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1
Q

what does philosophia mean

A

philo- the love of

sophia- wisdom

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2
Q

what is the difference between a philosophical and nonphilosophical question?

A

philosophical- no one answer

nonphilosophical- based in fact. one for sure answer

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3
Q

what is ethics

A

study of right and wrong

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4
Q

what is metaphysics

A

study of reality

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5
Q

what is epistemology

A

study of knowledge

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6
Q

what is ontology

A

the study of being/existing

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7
Q

what is aesthetics

A

the study of beauty

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8
Q

what is logic

A

the study of valid reasoning

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9
Q

what are philosophers who came before Socrates called

A

pre-Socratics

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10
Q

what question did pre-socratics strive to answer

A

what is the origin of the world

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11
Q

define piety/pious

A

good

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12
Q

was socrates known for writing books

A

no.

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13
Q

who is the main source of information about Socrates

A

plato

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14
Q

Were Socrates dialogues written before or after he died

A

after

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15
Q

what are the early platonic dialogues

A

Euthyphro, Crito, Apology

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16
Q

What does it mean that the outcome of earl dialogues were negative

A

No one agreed upon solution

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17
Q

the participant in an early dialogue had to admit what in the end

A

ignorance

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18
Q

in what year(s) was Socrates born

A

470/69

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19
Q

What did Socrates parents do

A

sculptor and a midwife

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20
Q

Socrates did not give birth to original ideas. what did he do

A

Examines others ideas and looks for falsehoods and consistency

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21
Q

was Socrates considered handsome or ugly?

A

ugly

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22
Q

Where did socrates hold most of his conversations

A

public places

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23
Q

The Sophists were teachers of what

A

excellence

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24
Q

what fascinated socrates

A

human life

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25
Q

Did socrates have a school

A

no

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26
Q

did socrates charge people

A

no

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27
Q

was socrates a teacher

A

no

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28
Q

did the sophists have schools

A

yes

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29
Q

were the sophists teachers

A

yes

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30
Q

did the sophists charge money

A

yes

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31
Q

the sophists used the art of communication to do what

A

win an argument

32
Q

Socrates used the art of communication to do what

A

to reach the truth

33
Q

what is dialectics

A

the way Socrates communicates with others

proposal- question-difficulties with it- new propsoal- questions

34
Q

using dialectics often ended i error or truth

A

error

35
Q

“the unexamined life…”

A

“is not worth living”

36
Q

what is euthyphro occupation

A

priest

37
Q

who is indicting Socrates

A

Meletus

38
Q

where do Socrates and Eu see each other

A

court

39
Q

What has Socrates been accuse of in regards of the gods

A

Creates new gods and disregards the old ones

40
Q

Who is Eu taking to court and what is the charge

A

his father, murder

41
Q

What does Socrates tell Euthyphro he wants to become

A

his student/pupil

42
Q

What does Eu say piety is initially

What is wrong with this

A

To prosecute the wrong doer

It is an action not a definition

43
Q

What is he first actual Definition Eu gives for piety

whats wrong with it

A

What is dear to the Gods is pious

The gods don’t all agree on pious actions

44
Q

What is Eus second definition of piety

What is wrong with it

A

Piety is what ALL gods love

the love of gods is a characteristic of piety not a definition and the gods can never agree on whats good

45
Q

If piety is what all gods love that leaves us with what two options

A
  1. The love of all the gods causes piety

2. All gods love is the effect of piety (see piety then love it)

46
Q

What idea does Socrates introduce to Eu for the third definition of piety

A

Justice

47
Q

What analogy does Socrates use to help Euthyphro understand the question “ what part of justice is piety?”

A

fear/shame

48
Q

What is Euthyphros third definition

what is wrong with it

A

Piety is caring for the gods

Humans can’t care for the gods because gods are perfect

49
Q

what does it mean to sacrifice

A

to give

50
Q

what does it mean to pray

A

to beg

51
Q

What is Euthyphros fourth definition

what is wrong with it

A

Piety is knowledge, prayer and sacrifice

We sacrifice what is dear to us. But it isn’t dear to all the gods

52
Q

What does apology mean

A

defense

53
Q

What happens if someone is found guilty in court

A

each side offers a punishment and the jury votes on which one

54
Q

Socrates wanted the jury to focus on what in speeches instead of what?

A

focus on content not on form

55
Q

Why were the old accusers of socrates worse than the new ones?

A

The old ones had been slandering him since the jury was young
older accusations were to a deeper extent

56
Q

What is an oracle?

A

all knowing being

57
Q

Why does Socrates tell the jury about the oracle

A

to show where his reputation began

58
Q

what does it mean to be wise

A

to know what you know, to know what you don’t know

59
Q

What happens when Socrates questions the public man about being wise

A

The man gives the wrong answer and gets man when Socrates tells him that

60
Q

What three(3) professions does Socrates start to question

A

Politicians, poets, craftsmen

61
Q

Which of the three professions could not explain their work

A

poets

62
Q

Socrates spends little time doing what during the apology

A

refuting meletus

63
Q

Why would the jury say socrates should be ashamed

A

His chosen life has lead him to the possibility of life

64
Q

what does put morality before mortality mean when making a decision

A

do not look at the possibility of life/death but if the action is good/bad

65
Q

why does Socrates bring up the Iliad by Homer

A

to show how much like Achilles, he put his values above his life. to show he is the Achilles of Philosophy

66
Q

When does Socrates Divine Sign appear

A

When he is about to do something bad

67
Q

what would people today call a divine sign

A

Conscience

68
Q

Towards the end of the apology what does Socrates ask for

A

the people he has “corrupted” to come fourth or send someone to represent them

69
Q

Why does Socrates refuse to beg

A
  1. He is old and is going to die soon anyway
  2. Begging is beneath him because he isn’t guilty
  3. He isn’t afraid of death
  4. Athens Reputation will suffer if he goes free
70
Q

What did Socrates say to those who voted him guilty

A
  1. Vengeance will come after his death
  2. They only voted guilty because he did not beg and he knows that
  3. Younger people will continue to question them and they will be harder to deal with
71
Q

what did Socrates say to those who voted him innocent

A
  1. His divine sign was silent so he knows he said the right things.
  2. He was dying for morality
  3. Death is either an endless sleep or relocation of the soul
72
Q

What does Socrates suggest as his punishment?

A

free meals

73
Q

What does Socrates request the jury do when he is gone?

A

watch after his kids

74
Q

who do some believe to be “the god” Socrates talks about

A

Apollo

75
Q

Only who knows if life or death is better

A

the god

philosophy 101 (3 decks)

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