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SPED 416 Individualized Assessment > Intro Notes (measurement, descriptive statistics, normal distribution) > Flashcards

Intro Notes (measurement, descriptive statistics, normal distribution) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three central tendency statistics?

A

Mean, median and mode

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2
Q

What are the 4 types of dispersion?

A
  1. Range,
  2. Interquartile range,
  3. variance, and
  4. Standard Deviation
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3
Q

The difference between the highest and lowest observation or measured value of a construct is which type of dispersion?

A

Range

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4
Q

The difference between the largest and smallest observation without correcting for rounding error in measurements is which type of Range?

A

Exclusive Range

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5
Q

The difference between the largest and smallest observation but correcting for rounding error in measurements is which type of Range?

A

Inclusive Range

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6
Q

value at 3rd quartile – value at 1st quartile or value at 75th percentile – value at 25th percentile is which type of dispersion?

A

Interquartile Range

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7
Q

Interquartilerange/2 • (Q3–Q1)/2 is which type of interquartile range?

A

Semi-Interquartile range

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8
Q

What is the best use for the semi-interquartile range?

A

canbeusedasaroughtestfor symmetry of a distribution

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9
Q

What are the two types of deviations within an interquartile range?

A
  1. Quartile deviation

2. Coefficient of quartile deviation

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10
Q

Which of the two types of deviations within an interquartile range is the averageofthe range from Q1 to Q2 and of the range from Q2 to Q3?
Visual: ((Q2-Q1) + (Q3-Q2))/2

A

Quartile Deviation

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11
Q

Which of the two types of deviations within an interquartile range is a measure of interquartile dispersion that is relative to the size and distribution of the observations and of the measurements of a construct?
Visual: (Q3 – Q1)/(Q3 + Q1)

A

Coefficient of Quartile Variation

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12
Q

What is the most common measure of dispersion/variability/ spread?

A

Standard Deviation

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13
Q

Which type of deviation is the square of the deviations from the mean?

A

Standard Deviation

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14
Q

What does it mean to deviate?

A

To differ from typical or average

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15
Q

Statistically typical or normal takes the form of a measure of……

A

Central Tendencies (Mean, median, mode)

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16
Q

Statistically: If a person scores above the mean, the deviation yields a_______ number

A

positive

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17
Q

Statistically: If a person scores below the mean, the deviation yields a ___________ number

A

negative

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18
Q

Measure of typicality; typical score in a distribution

A

Central Tendency

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19
Q

What is Spread of the distribution

A

Dispersion

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20
Q

The most frequently occurring observation or measured value for a construct or phenomenon

A

Mode

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21
Q

Middleobservationor measured value of a construct in a distribution; 50th percentile

A

Median

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22
Q

Average score; typically the arithmetic average, but not always

A

Mean

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23
Q

When reporting measures of central tendency, a nominal scale of measurement will yield a _________ (Central Tendency).

A

Mode

24
Q

When reporting measures of central tendency, an ordinal scale of measurement will yield a _________ and _______(Central Tendencies).

A

Mode and Median

25
Q

When reporting measures of central tendency, an interval scale of measurement will yield a _______, ________ and _______(Central Tendencies).

A

Mode, Median, Mean*

26
Q

When reporting measures of central tendency, a ratio scale of measurement will yield a _______, ________ and _______(Central Tendencies).

A

Mode, Median, Mean

27
Q

When reporting measures of dispersion, a interval scale of measurement will yield aprimary concern of ________ (Dispersion type)

A

Standard deviation

28
Q

When reporting measures of dispersion, a interval scale of measurement will yield aprimary concern of ________ (Dispersion type)

A

Standard deviation

29
Q

When reporting measures of dispersion, an ordinal scale of measurement will yield a primary concern of ________ (Dispersion type)

A

Range

30
Q

When reporting measures of dispersion, a nominal scale of measurement will yield ____ _______ (Dispersion types)

A

Pie Chart Dispersion types

31
Q

Think about the conceptual data of standard deviation, What happens if the sample size (the number of scores) increases?

A

The standard deviation gets smaller!

32
Q

Think about the conceptual data of standard deviation, What happens if the sample size (the number of scores) decreases?

A

The standard deviation gets bigger.

33
Q

Assigning values to according to a system (often in the form of an operation definition) that represents a model (often in the form of a theoretical or constitutive definition)

A

Measurement

34
Q

Process of assigning values to indicants associated with a construct

A

Measurement

35
Q

Event, occurrence, situation, or behavior that can be observed.

A

Phenomenon

36
Q

An unobservable entity that functions as a label or as a causal entity for a constellation of behaviors or of phenomena

A

Construct

37
Q

Definition describes how a construct is being measured

A

Measurement

38
Q

Definition describes how a construct or a variable is being manipulated

A

Experimental

39
Q

Descriptionofhowaconstructisinstantiatedina theoretical model

A

Theoretical definition

40
Q

What is the relation among the mean, median and mode in a normal distribution.

A

They are all central tendencies to which the rest of the distribution is asymmetrical.

41
Q

T or F, The number of scores decreases as standard deviations from the mean increase.

A

True

42
Q

T or F The normal distribution is asymmetric.

A

True

43
Q

The number of scores between +/- one standard deviation is ___________

A

68%

44
Q

The number of scores between +/- two standard deviations is __________

A

95%

45
Q

From where (not whom) does the normal distribution come?_________________________________

A

Mathematics

46
Q

Placement of students in Special Education is a predictor of:

  1. Graduation
  2. Criminality
  3. Employment
  4. Divorced parents
A
  1. Less likely to Graduate
  2. More likely Criminality
  3. low Employment
  4. more likely divorced parents
47
Q

For the Wood Cock Johnson, the _______is the number of questions correct to be able to interpret the results; lowest five.

A

Basal

48
Q

For the Wood Cock Johnson, the _______is the number of questions wrong to be able to interpret the results; highest five missed.

A

Ceiling

49
Q

For the Wood Cock Johnson, Read the _____(color), Look at the _________(color)

A

Read the Blue (color), Look at the Lavendar (color)

50
Q

Four types of Normal probability distribution…

A
  1. Normal curve
  2. •Normal distribution
  3. •Bell curve
  4. •Gaussian distribution
51
Q

What are predictable patterns based on standard deviation units?

A

Normal Distribution

52
Q

Normal Distribution: Normal scores between 0 and -1…?

A

34%

53
Q

Normal Distribution: Normal scores between -1 and -2…?

A

13.5%

54
Q

Normal Distribution: Normal scores between -2 and -3…?

A

2.5%

55
Q

Normal Distribution: Normal scores between 0 and 1…?

A

34%

56
Q

Normal Distribution: Normal scores between 1 and 2…?

A

13.5%

57
Q

Normal Distribution: Normal scores between 2 and 3…?

A

2.5%

SPED 416 Individualized Assessment (6 decks)

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