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partial removable > intro lecture > Flashcards

intro lecture Flashcards

1
Q

types of removable protheses

A

complete and partial

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2
Q

types of RPD frames

A

cast metal, acrylic, flexible base

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3
Q

why not use flex base

A

hard to adjust and excess force on abutment teeth

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4
Q

metals used for cast frame, major one at UMKC

A

CoCr and NiCr, we use CoCr (Ni sensitivity)

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5
Q

kennedy classes

A

mod rules apply as well

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6
Q
A

clasp assemblies

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7
Q
A

major connector

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8
Q
A

Left: retentive and reciporcol cusp arms

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9
Q
A

Left: more of tooth wrapped

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10
Q

Principle of “Encirclement”

A

Clasp assembly needs to “wrap around” the tooth. at least 180 degrees

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11
Q

Prosthetics:

A

Prosthetics:
– art or science of replacing absent body parts

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12
Q

Prosthodontics:

A

– branch of dentistry that pertains to the replacement of missing teeth and oral tissues

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13
Q

Dental Prosthesis:

A

Dental Prosthesis:
– artificial replacement of 1 or more teeth and/or
associated structures

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14
Q

Fixed Partial Denture (FPD):

A

– Prosthesis replacing teeth in partially dentate arch.
– Not designed to be removed by patient.

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15
Q

Removable Partial Denture (RPD):

A

– Prosthesis replacing teeth in partially dentate arch.
– Designed to be removed by patient.

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16
Q

Abutment:

A

Abutment:
– Tooth used to support prosthesis

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17
Q

Centric Relation:

A

Maxillomandibular relationship in which the condyles articulate with the thinnest avascular portion of their respective disks with the complex in the anterior-superior position against the slope of the articular eminence.

– Position independent of tooth contact.
– Position restricted to purely rotational motion.

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18
Q

Maximal intercuspal position

A

– Position with complete intercuspation of opposing teeth.
– Independent of condylar position
– Previously called Centric (Habitual) Occlusion

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19
Q

Diagnostic Cast vs Master Cast: .

A

Diagnostic Cast: Cast for the purpose of diagnosis & treatment planning.

Master Cast: Replica of teeth, residual ridges, & other parts of the dental arch used to
fabricate dental restoration or prosthesis.

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20
Q

Tooth-supported RPD:

A

Tooth-supported RPD:
– RPD that depends entirely
on natural teeth for support

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21
Q

Tooth-tissue supported RPD

A

Tooth-tissue supported RPD
– Extension base RPD
– RPD supported and retained by teeth at only one end.
– Denture base is supported by teeth & the residual ridge

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22
Q

indications for RPDs

A

Edentulous area(s) too long or numerous for a fixed prosthesis
• Need to restore lost soft and hard alveolar tissue, especially in the anterior region****
• Reduced periodontal support of remaining teeth
• Need to distribute masticatory stresses across the dental arch: cross-arch stabilization
No posterior abutment tooth
• Immediate replacement of teeth
• Attitude & desires of patient (economic considerations)

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23
Q

Disadvantages of RPDs

A

• Removable, not considered ‘part’ of patient
• May be lost or broken
• Clasps may be visible, less esthetic
• May dislodge during function
• May trap food while eating

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24
Q

Height of Contour/Survey Line

A

– Line encircling a tooth that designates its greatest diameter at a selected position
determined by a dental surveyor
– Height of contour will change if the axial inclination is changed

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25
Q

suprabulge area

A

Suprabulge Area
– Portion of tooth above the height of contour

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26
Q

infrabulge area, also called?

A

• Infrabulge Area
– Portion of tooth below the height of contour
– May also be referred to as Undercut:
• Surface of object below the height of contour in relation to the path of placement

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27
Q

RPD objectives

A

 Restore anatomical defect
 Restore function
 Restore occlusal plane
 Provide posterior occlusal support
 Improve esthetics
 Splint periodontally compromised teeth

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28
Q

RPD components

A

metal framework and denture base

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29
Q

metal framework components

A

-Major connector
-Minor connectors
-Rests
-Direct retainers
-Indirect retainers

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30
Q

denture base components

A

-Replacement teeth
-Supporting base
Material

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31
Q

MAJOR CONNECTOR

A

The component of an RPD that joins the units on one side of the dental arch with the units on the opposite side

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32
Q

maxillary major connectors

A

Palatal strap
 Anterio-posterior Palatal Strap
 Complete Palate
 U-shaped (Horseshoe) connector

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33
Q

mandibular major connectors

A

lingual bar or plate

34
Q

MINOR CONNECTOR

A

MINOR CONNECTOR
The connecting link between the major connector or base of a removable partial denture and the other units of the prosthesis, such as direct and indirect retainers and rests.

35
Q

MINOR CONNECTOR
-Types

A

 Guiding plane plates
 Meshwork – to hold acrylic resin
 Any unit connecting any type of rest to the major connector

36
Q

REST:

A

REST: A component of a removable partial denture that serves to transfer forces occurring against the prosthesis down the long axis of the abutment teeth

37
Q

REST SEAT:

A

REST SEAT: The prepared surface of a tooth or restoration to receive the rest, not a part of framework

38
Q

Proximal Plate

A

 A rigid extension from the major connector or base
 Contacts the proximal surface of an abutment tooth

39
Q

DIRECT RETAINERS

A

A component of a removable partial denture used to retain and prevent
dislodgement

40
Q

Clasp Assembly

A

Two arms or other pieces, joined by a body which may connect a rest
May act as a retainer or stabilizer

41
Q

INDIRECT RETAINERS
usually connected to?
usually a form of?
always needed in what classes?

A

A component of a removable partial denture that assists a direct retainer(s) in preventing displacement of a distal extension denture base by functioning through lever action on the opposite side of the fulcrum line

Usually connects to a major connector and is some form of rest
 ALWAYS necessary in Class I or II situations

42
Q

Denture Base

A

 Part of the RPD that rests on the foundation tissues and to which teeth are attached.
– Polymer/Plastic or Metal

43
Q

ACRYLIC RESIN ATTACHMENT
function?

A

The part of a RPD which rests on the oral mucosa and to which the teeth are attached
FUNCTION: Transmit stress to the supporting structure

44
Q

Denture Base Retention

A

 Part of framework to which the resin base is attached; lattice or mesh

45
Q

Guiding Planes

A

Vertically parallel surfaces of abutment teeth oriented so as to contribute to the direction of the path of placement and dislodgement of removable partial dentures

46
Q

guide planes exist or created?

A

Guiding Planes Must Be Created

47
Q

Functions of Guiding Planes: (5)
POI?
actions of other components?
food traps?
Benefit for minor connectors?
prox surfaces/arms?

A

• Provide for one path of placement/removal
• Ensure the intended actions of the RPD components*
• Eliminate/decrease gross food traps**
• Increase frictional component of minor connectors
• Lowers the height of contour on proximal surfaces to allow better positioning of arms

48
Q

reduction in undercuts with guide planes?

A

The large undercut adjacent to the proximal surface should be reduced in size.

49
Q

how can reduction for guide planes be accomplished?

A

The reduction can be accomplished by altering the tilt of the cast or by selective grinding of the enamel surface.
Most often, using selective grinding, the undercut is reduced and a guiding plane is
prepared.

50
Q

Location of Guiding Planes:
increased length results in?

A

Proximal surfaces of abutment teeth
• Parallel to long axis of teeth, if possible
• As length is increased, frictional retention is increased and resistance to rotation is
increased

51
Q

As length (of guide plane) is increased:

A

frictional retention is increased and resistance to rotation is increased

52
Q

Width of Guiding
Planes:•

A

• As wide as the widest portion of the occlusal rest
• One-third the bucco-lingual width of the tooth
• One-half the distance between the cusp tips

53
Q

Length of Guiding Planes
(tooth-tissue vs tooth-tooth)

A

• Tooth supported abutments -3.0 to 4.0 mm
• Tooth-tissue supported abutments (distal extension abutments) -1.5 to 2.0 mm

54
Q

DENTAL SURVEYOR FUNCTIONS

A

• Survey diagnostic cast
• Contour wax patterns
• Contour ceramic & cast restorations
• Place attachments requiring parallelism
• Survey master cast

55
Q

OBJECTIVES OF SURVEYING DIAGNOSTIC CAST (7)
POI?
GP?
retention?
undercuts?
esthetics?
HOC?
tripod?

A
  1. Determine the most acceptable path of insertion
  2. Identify proximal tooth surfaces that can function as guiding planes
  3. Locate & measure areas of teeth that may be used for retention
  4. Determine if soft or bony areas of interference (undercuts) exist
  5. Determine most suitable path of insertion to satisfy esthetics
  6. Delineate height of contour on abutment teeth
  7. Record cast position to selected path of insertion (Tripod cast)
56
Q

SURVEY PROCEDURE

A
  1. Path of Insertion Determined
  2. Mark the Height of Contour/Survey Line
  3. Measure/Mark Retentive Undercut
  4. Tripod Cast
57
Q

Path of Insertion Determined based on?

A

• Based on Guiding Planes, Retentive Undercut, Interferences, Esthetics

58
Q

PATH OF INSERTION
what to avoid when determining this? why?

A

• The direction in which the RPD is inserted & removed from the abutment teeth.

• Exaggerated tilt to path of insertion avoided
• Patient unable to open mouth sufficiently to accommodate

59
Q

more GPs means?

A

Path of insertion more specific
• Increase RPD stability & retention

60
Q

how are GP identified with the surveyor

A

• Identified by tilting cast in anterior-posterior direction until maximum parallelism of proximal surfaces
• Anterior-posterior tilt: as viewed from rear of cast table
• Analyzing rod used to identify potential surfaces that can be converted to guiding planes by selective grinding in occlusal 1/3-1/2
• Final orientation seldom >10-15° from horizontal

61
Q

RETENTIVE UNDERCUT purpose
where found?

A

• RPD mechanical retention provided by clasp that engages retentive undercut
• Resist RPD dislodging forces
• Undercut area lies between survey line and gingival margin

62
Q

HEIGHT OF CONTOUR/
SURVEY LINE

A

• Line encircling a tooth that designates its greatest diameter at a selected position determined by a dental surveyor
• Height of contour will change if the axial inclination is changed

63
Q

Infrabulge Area, what can be found here?

A

• Portion of tooth below the height of contour in relation to path of insertion
• Retentive Undercut within this area
• Only Retentive clasp tips contact tooth below the Survey line

64
Q

Areas of retentive undercut, where is it preferred on the tooth?

A

Areas of retentive undercut:
• Mesiofacial (A), Mid-facial (B), Distofacial (C) (Facial
undercut preferred)

65
Q

ideal location undercuts

A

Ideally, within gingival 1/3, at least 1mm from gingival margin facially

66
Q

finding the retentive undercuts with a surveyor

A

Manipulate mediolateral tilt of cast to equally distribute retentive undercut to abutments
• Cast tilt should not vary far from horizontal

67
Q

False Undercut, results in?

A

• Illusion of undercut due to excessive cast tilt
• Will not exist clinically
• Awkward path of insertion
• Patient unable to place RPD

68
Q

• Typical interference areas:

A

• Lingually-inclined mandibular teeth
• Buccally-inclined maxillary teeth
• Bony buccal exotoses, tori
• Height of contour too high, clasp placement too high
• Tissue undercut area of bar clasp

69
Q

eliminate interferences by….

A

• Alter tilt of cast/Change path of insertion
• Maintain cast tilt, eliminate by surgery or recontouring of teeth

70
Q

marking the height of contour

A

Side of carbon marker indicates survey line of abutment teeth
at chosen path of insertion
• Tip of marker will produce incorrect survey line

71
Q

location of survey line and what is above/below survey line

A

All components (rigid) of RPD, except terminal 1/3 of retentive clasp, above survey line
• Ideally, survey line located at junction of middle & gingival 1/3
• Proximal 2/3 of retentive clasp & Reciprocal clasp in middle 1/3, above survey line.
• Retentive terminal 1/3 in gingival 1/3.

72
Q

If survey line, at chosen path of insertion, too near occlusal surface:

A

clasp too high on the tooth
• May interfere with occlusion
• Increased leverage on tooth
• Tooth recontoured to lower survey line.

73
Q

if survey line, at chosen path of insertion, too low:

A

no undercut exists
• Survey line at or near gingival margin
• No undercut exists for clasp retention
• Cannot use enamoplasty to change
• Requires surveyed crown

74
Q

measuring retentive undercut

A

Measured with proper undercut gauge at chosen path of insertion
• Amount of undercut varies depending on clasp type
• 0.01” for Cr-Co or Ni-Cr cast clasp
• 0.02” or 0.03” for wrought wire clasp

75
Q

fixing Inadequate Retentive Undercut

A

– Enamoplasty to create undercut
•“Dimple”
–Addition of composite at site to create undercut
–Surveyed crown

76
Q

TRIPOD CAST

A

• Record tilt of cast at chosen path of insertion
• Clinician or Lab technician can re-establish path of insertion
• Draw vertical lines parallel to analyzing rod on 3 sides of cast
(Lines widely separated)

77
Q

blue color code for RPD

A
  • Metal framework outline
  • Wrought wire clasp
78
Q

red color code for RPD

A
  • Indicate retentive undercut
  • Indicate tooth modification areas
  • Guiding planes, Survey line reposition, Rest
    seat areas
79
Q

black color code for RPD

A

-Survey line, tripod marks and soft tissue
undercuts

80
Q

mouth preparations for RPD

A

• Perform indicated tooth modifications according to RPD
diagnostic cast design
• guiding planes, Survey line reposition, Rests

81
Q

MASTER CAST

A

• Impression for master cast after mouth preparation
• Resurvey master cast
• Be sure mouth preparation adequate
• Align guiding planes
• Mark retentive undercuts
• Mark survey line
• Tripod cast

partial removable (14 decks)

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