Intro/History of Psych

Question 1

Founder of Psychology

Answer 1

Wundt

Question 2

How did Wundt find psychology originally?

Answer 2

Experimental psychology

Question 3

What is structuralism?

Answer 3

structures of thought

Question 4

Who founded structuralism?

Answer 4

Titchner

Question 5

What is introspection?
(part of structuralism)

Answer 5

it describes what is going on in the mind

Question 6

What is functionalism?

Answer 6

the adaptive role of behavior

Question 7

Who founded functionalism?

Answer 7

William James

Question 8

What is gestalt psychology?

Answer 8

the whole is greater than the sum of parts

Question 9

Who founded gestalt psychology?

Answer 9

Wertheimer

Question 10

What is psychoanalysis?

Answer 10

unconscious influences on behaviors

Question 11

Who founded psychoanalysis?

Answer 11

Freud

Question 12

What is behaviorism?

Answer 12

observe behaviors that can be measured and verified

Question 13

Who founded behaviorism?

Answer 13

Watson and Skinner

Question 14

What is humanistic psychology?

Answer 14

growth, human potential, self direction, free will

Question 15

Who founded humanistic psychology?

Answer 15

Maslow and Rogers

Question 16

Scientific Method

Answer 16

a set of assumptions, attitudes, and procedures that guide scientists

Question 17

Correlation Coefficient

Answer 17

a way to determine the relationship between 2 variables

Question 18

mental processes

Answer 18

how we think

Question 19

overt actions

Answer 19

behavior

Question 20

social relationships

Answer 20

looking at how people act is groups

Question 21

emotional response

Answer 21

human emotions are more complex than animals

Question 22

psychological response

Answer 22

fear/phobias

Question 23

Steps of the scientific method

Answer 23

1. state the problem
2. develop hypothesis
3. design the study
4. collect and analyze data
5. replicate results
6. draw conclusions
7. report results

Question 24

Independent variable (IV)

Answer 24

manipulated factor

Question 25

Dependent variable (DV)

Answer 25

factor that is observed and measured for change

Question 26

Extraneous variable

Answer 26

not controllable

Question 27

Control variable

Answer 27

what you control

Question 28

Experiment group

Answer 28

receives the manipulation

Question 29

Control group

Answer 29

knows the experiment

Question 30

Participant

Answer 30

is in the study while also looking at the results

Question 31

Confederate

Answer 31

part of the experiment and doesn’t know who’s in the control and experiment group

Question 32

Demand characteristics

Answer 32

elements within a study that may give people cues as to what the study is about

Question 33

Hawthorne effect

Answer 33

an increase in performance due to being a participant in a research study

Question 34

Expectancy Effect

Answer 34

the results are due to the experimenter unwittingly making them happen

Question 35

natural observation

Answer 35

observing someone or something in their natural environment

Question 36

Survey

Answer 36

questionnaire to gather information from a group of people

Question 37

Correlational study

Answer 37

can’t show cause and effect

Question 38

mode

Answer 38

most frequent score

Question 39

median

Answer 39

point on the measurement scale below which 50% of scores fall

Question 40

mean

Answer 40

average of all scores

Question 41

range

Answer 41

lowest score subtracted from the highest

Question 42

variance

Answer 42

average of the sum of squared deviations around the mean

Question 43

positive correlation

Answer 43

both variables go the same direction

Question 44

negative correlation

Answer 44

both variables go in opposite directions