Intro, History, Future

Question 1

a multidisciplinary field that combines chemical, biological, and psychological prespectives to better understand neuron structure and function, cognition, emotion and behavior

Answer 1

neuroscience

Question 2

the “director” that controls interactions between external and internal stimuli

Answer 2

the nervous system

Question 3

which of the following does the nervous system NOT mediate?

a. thoughts and perceptions
b. bodily movements
c. behaviors
d. the weather

Answer 3

the weather lol

Question 4

Ancient Egyptians \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the brain after death, think it was unimportant.
Early philosophers (~350 BCE) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ heart was the seat of mental capacity and behaviors. 
Later philosophers \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the brain is the center of thoughts and emotions.
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ recognized behavioral deficiencies in gladiators with head trauma.

Answer 4

discarded; believed; acknowledged; Galen

Question 5

the mind and body are distinct and separable

Answer 5

Dualism; Rene Descartes

Question 6

the mind and the body are the same (mind= physical construct of the brain)

Answer 6

Monism

Question 7

___ ____ discovered damage to the left temporal lobe results in language deficits

Answer 7

Paul Broca

Question 8

_____ _____ suffered personality and temperament changes b/c of brain damage (suggests that mental states= brain states)

Answer 8

Phineas Gage

Question 9

neuroplasticity, social neuroscience, epigenetics, brain health and the microbiome

Answer 9

future areas of research of neuroscience

Question 10

how biological and social factors affect behavior

Answer 10

social neuroscience

Question 11

gene changes as you live

Answer 11

epigenetics

Question 12

how does gut health affect mental health?

Answer 12

brain health + the microbiome

Question 13

genes change throughout your life

Answer 13

Lazarus POV

Question 14

nerve cells. the primary cells of the nervous system

Answer 14

neurons

Question 15

part of the neuron that receives information through the dendrites

Answer 15

input zone

Question 16

cell body (soma) which integrates the information it receives

Answer 16

integration zone

Question 17

single axon (nerve fiber) that conducts outpit info away from the cell body as an electrucal impulse

Answer 17

conduction zone

Question 18

axon terminals at the end of the axon that communicate with other cells

Answer 18

output zone

Question 19

part of neuron; contains nucleolus and chromosomes

Answer 19

nucleus

Question 20

part of neuron; semiliquid substance that fills the space of the cell and contains organelles

Answer 20

cytoplasm

Question 21

part of neuron; produces ATP used for energy

Answer 21

mitochondria

Question 22

part of neuron; small membranous protrusions where synapses are localized (some of the most plastic structures in the nervous system)

Answer 22

dendritic spine

Question 23

part of neuron; produce structural support for the neuron; are within the axons within protein strands

Answer 23

microtubules

Question 24

part of neuron; provide structural support and transmit messages

Answer 24

protein strands (degenerative protein strands are part of the cause of Alzheimer’s)