Intro, History, Future Flashcards

1
Q

a multidisciplinary field that combines chemical, biological, and psychological prespectives to better understand neuron structure and function, cognition, emotion and behavior

A

neuroscience

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2
Q

the “director” that controls interactions between external and internal stimuli

A

the nervous system

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3
Q

which of the following does the nervous system NOT mediate?

a. thoughts and perceptions
b. bodily movements
c. behaviors
d. the weather

A

the weather lol

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4
Q
Ancient Egyptians \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the brain after death, think it was unimportant.
Early philosophers (~350 BCE) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ heart was the seat of mental capacity and behaviors. 
Later philosophers \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the brain is the center of thoughts and emotions.
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ recognized behavioral deficiencies in gladiators with head trauma.
A

discarded; believed; acknowledged; Galen

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5
Q

the mind and body are distinct and separable

A

Dualism; Rene Descartes

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6
Q

the mind and the body are the same (mind= physical construct of the brain)

A

Monism

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7
Q

___ ____ discovered damage to the left temporal lobe results in language deficits

A

Paul Broca

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8
Q

_____ _____ suffered personality and temperament changes b/c of brain damage (suggests that mental states= brain states)

A

Phineas Gage

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9
Q

neuroplasticity, social neuroscience, epigenetics, brain health and the microbiome

A

future areas of research of neuroscience

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10
Q

how biological and social factors affect behavior

A

social neuroscience

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11
Q

gene changes as you live

A

epigenetics

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12
Q

how does gut health affect mental health?

A

brain health + the microbiome

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13
Q

genes change throughout your life

A

Lazarus POV

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14
Q

nerve cells. the primary cells of the nervous system

A

neurons

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15
Q

part of the neuron that receives information through the dendrites

A

input zone

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16
Q

cell body (soma) which integrates the information it receives

A

integration zone

17
Q

single axon (nerve fiber) that conducts outpit info away from the cell body as an electrucal impulse

A

conduction zone

18
Q

axon terminals at the end of the axon that communicate with other cells

A

output zone

19
Q

part of neuron; contains nucleolus and chromosomes

A

nucleus

20
Q

part of neuron; semiliquid substance that fills the space of the cell and contains organelles

A

cytoplasm

21
Q

part of neuron; produces ATP used for energy

A

mitochondria

22
Q

part of neuron; small membranous protrusions where synapses are localized (some of the most plastic structures in the nervous system)

A

dendritic spine

23
Q

part of neuron; produce structural support for the neuron; are within the axons within protein strands

A

microtubules

24
Q

part of neuron; provide structural support and transmit messages

A

protein strands (degenerative protein strands are part of the cause of Alzheimer’s)