Intro & Definitions of Dysaphagia

Question 1

What is Scott’s definition of dysphagia?

Answer 1

Difficulty in swallowing from the time food/liquids enter the oral cavity to the time it enters the stomach.

Question 2

What is odynophagia? ON QUIZ/EXAM

Answer 2

Pain with swallowing

Question 3

What is phagophobia? ON QUIZ/EXAM

Answer 3

fear of swallowing

Question 4

What is Xerostomia? ON QUIZ/EXAM

Answer 4

Dry mouth

Question 5

What is edentulous? ON QUIZ/EXAM

Answer 5

lacking dentition (no teeth or dentures)

Question 6

What is cachexia? ON QUIZ/EXAM

Answer 6

Significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight

Question 7

What is aerophagia? ON QUIZ/EXAM

Answer 7

swallowing excessive amounts of air

Question 8

On average, how many times a day do we swallow?

Answer 8

2000

Question 9

how many pairs of muscles do we use to swallow?

Answer 9

31

Question 10

What percentage of individuals with dysphagia are not entirely aware of the extent of the problem?

Answer 10

70%

Question 11

What percentage of elderly persons find some difficulty in swallowing?

Answer 11

45%

Question 12

What percentage of individuals in residential or nursing homes find some difficulty in swallowing?

Answer 12

65%

Question 13

What are the research areas for dysphagia?

Answer 13

normal physiology

disordered physiology

evaluation and treatment

Question 14

What is the difference between feeding vs. swallowing disorders?

Answer 14

Feeding: placement of food in the mouth. OT deal with this

Swallowing: Begins once food enters the mouth. Usually SLPs deal with this

• In peds, there is a gray area, some OTs include the oral phases as part of “feeding”

Question 15

What is the difference between screening vs. evaluation? ON QUIZ/EXAM

Answer 15

Screening: identifies signs and symptoms of dysphagia. The outcome should be whether to proceed to an evaluation or not. “problem or not?”

Evaluation: Defines anatomy and physiology. The outcome includes formal recommendations

Question 16

What is involved in a swallow screening?

Answer 16

3-Ounce Water Test

Many facilities have nursing perform the screening

Individuals are required to drink 3 ounces of water without interruption (“I want you to drink this entire cup of water without stopping until it’s all gone.”)

Those who stop, cough, choke, or show a wet-hoarse voice quality during the test or for one minute afterward are considered to have failed.

98% of those who passed the 3-ounce water test did not aspirate during FEES.

However, 70.6% of those who failed were able to tolerate a diet of some kind based on the FEES and more than half were able to tolerate thin liquids based on the FEES results.

If someone fails, should proceed to further testing.

Question 17

what are some s/s of dysphagia?

Answer 17

Leakage of food/secretions out of mouth

Pocketing of food (neglect)

Coughing at meals

Throat clearing***(can easily be missed)

Wet voice quality during meals

Report of food “sticking”

Watery eyes while eating

Question 18

What are complications of dysphagia? ON QUIZ/EXAM

Answer 18

Weight loss

Poor nutrition

Chest infection

Pneumonia

Choking

Heimlich Maneuver

Death

Question 19

What is the term for Pain with swallowing

Answer 19

Odynophagia

Question 20

What is the term for fear of swallowing

Answer 20

Phagophobia

Question 21

What is the term for Dry mouth

Answer 21

Xerostomia

Question 22

What if the term for lacking dentition (no teeth or dentures)

Answer 22

Edentulous

Question 23

What is the term for Significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight

Answer 23

Cachexia

Question 24

What is the term for swallowing excessive amounts of air

Answer 24

Aerophagia