Intro Deck Flashcards
History
Why the patient sought treatment Needs with respect to participation in desired activities What the family can offer What the family needs Context Medical & social history
Systems Review
Musculoskeletal
Neuromuscular
Cardiopulmonary
Integumentary
Psychological
Other systems as needed
PT Episode of Care Sequence
Patient’s History and reason for coming to PT
Summarize information and patient’s needs
Hypothesize potential problems (PIPs and NPIPs)
Systems Review: part one is treat, refer, treat and refer
Part two is to refine your hypotheses and
“drive” the rest of your examination
Examination
Tests and Measures
Task Analysis
Evaluation Explain the “why” behind your findings Summarize this for the patient Determine Intervention Strategies Remediation, Compensation, Prevention Use creative means to determine tactics
Articulate this to the patient
Examination
Observe movement patterns - Meaningful to patient
Administer tests / measures that will guide evaluation of its components
Identify impairments and resources on different levels
Disablement/Enablement
Body systems, Activities, Participation
Evaluation
Identify most important problems for the patient
Identify underlying relationships/causes for the individual’s problems.
Identify issues that can be remediated, compensated for and prevented
Interpret all findings to develop a plan of care
Assess if what you are doing is working.
Keys to Rehabilitation
Individuals need to solve movement problems
Tasks must be challenging, yet allow for success
When the task is novel or more difficult, the individual will likely revert to better known motor programs
When one area of the CNS is being modified, it affects other areas of the CNS
Motivation
Analyze an activity as a whole, break it down, solve problems, help the patient to learn the problem-solving strategy
Stroke Warning Signs
Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination
Sudden, severe headache with no known cause
PD Non-Motor Symptoms
Changes in cognition and mood, sleep disturbances, and autonomic dysfunction
PD Cardinal Signs
Tremor of the hands, arms, legs, jaw and face
Bradykinesia or slowness of movement
Rigidity of the limbs and trunk
Postural Instability or impaired balance and coordination
What is vertigo?
The illusion of movement
Vertigo and TBI
Vertigo is experienced by the majority of all patients with mild TBI and nearly all with moderate TBI with symptoms lasting up to 5 years in those with moderate TBI
MS Common Symptoms
The initial symptom of MS is often blurred or double vision, red-green color distortion, or even blindness in one eye.
Speech impediments, tremors, paresthesias, pain and dizziness are other frequent complaints.
Approximately half of all people with MS experience cognitive impairments. Depression is another common feature of MS.
MS Risk Factors
Three factors: genetic predisposition, environmental factors such a geographical location, and a trigger, such a virus.
Biology of MS
Areas of myelin damage are known as plaques, or lesions, and these eventually fill in with scar tissue. The name multiple sclerosis means “many scars.”
