Intro, Chemical Hazards, & Routes of Entry

Question 1

List the 4 major types of hazards. (4)

Answer 1

1. Physical
2. Chemical
3. Biological
4. Insidious (radiation)

Question 2

List 5 potential physical sources of hazards. (5)

Answer 2

1. Fire
2. Electricity
3. Sharp objects
4. Heavy objects
5. Wet floors

Question 3

List 5 common physical accidents. (5)

Answer 3

1. Burns
2. Electric shock
3. Cuts
4. Punctures
5. Back and other bodily injuries

Question 4

How many fire extinguisher classifications are there?

Answer 4

5 classifications

Question 5

What colour are class A fire extinguishers and what do they represent? (2)

Answer 5

1. Class A = green

2. Ordinary combustibles like wood and paper

Question 6

What colour are class B fire extinguishers and what do they represent? (2)

Answer 6

1. Class B = red

2. Flammable liquids as gasoline and oil

Question 7

What colour are class C fire extinguishers and what do they represent?

Answer 7

1. Class C = blue

2. Electrically energized fires and the extinguishing agent is non-combustible

Question 8

What colour are class D fire extinguishers and what do they represent?

Answer 8

1. Class D = yellow

2. Flammable materials; often specific to the type of metal in question

Question 9

What do class F (K) represent?

Answer 9

Kitchen fires, grease, etc

Question 10

What 3 elements does fire require to continue burning? (3)

Answer 10

1. Heat
2. Fuel
3. Oxygen

Question 11

What 4 step acronym must one use when using a fire extinguisher and what is each step?

Answer 11

Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep

= PASS

Question 12

What are common corrosives usually? (2)

Answer 12

1. Strong acids

2. Strong bases

Question 13

What do corrosives do? (2)

Answer 13

1. Injure and destroy body tissues by contact

2. Corrode metal

Question 14

What does it mean when something is “caustic”?

Answer 14

It will burn, eat away, or destroy tissue on contact

Question 15

Name one chemical that is caustic. (1)

Answer 15

Acetic acid

Question 16

What does it mean when a substance is “poisonous”?

Answer 16

It may cause immediate death if ingested

Question 17

Differentiate between carcinogenic and mutagenic chemicals. (2)

Answer 17

1. Carcinogenic = known to cause cancer to humans or laboratory animals
2. Mutagenic = causes genetic mutations; usually also carcinogenic

Question 18

What happens when a chemical is “reactive and volatile”?

Answer 18

When mixed with other chemicals, it may cause undesireable reactions and/or explode

Question 19

How should you mix acids or bases with water?

Answer 19

ALWAYS pour acid/base INTO water

Question 20

List the 3 main sites at which hazardous materials may cause disease in the body. (3)

Answer 20

1. Where they enter the body → lungs, skin, and intestines
2. In the blood that that carries them throughout the body
3. In the organs which have the ability to concentrate toxic agents and remove them from the body (liver, kidneys, and bladder)

Question 21

List the 3 main types of entry. (3)

Answer 21

1. Inhalation
2. Absorption
3. Ingestion

Question 22

What is an additional, common type of entry?

Answer 22

Injection

Question 23

How do hazardous materials move as they are ingested? (3)

Answer 23

1. Enter the digestive tract
2. May enter bloodstream
3. Then enter the liver