Intro and Rads Flashcards
How advanced the disease is
Stage
Assesses the biological activity of the tissue (how aggressive it is)
Grade
A “score” to define the disease quantitatively
Index
Toward the midline
Mesial
Away from the midline/caudal
Distal
Contact surface facing adjoining teeth
Proximal
Between proximal surfaces of adjoining teeth
Interproximal
Wider space between teeth
Diastema
Chewing surfaces of molars
Occlusal
Toward the root/away from the crown
Apical
Toward the crown
Coronal
How much attached gingivia do you need to maintain teeth long-term?
2-3mm
Draining tract associated with teeth
Parulis
Parulis at or apical to MGL indicates _____ disease
Endodontic disease
Parulis coronal to MGL indicates _____ disease
Periodontal disease
Potential space between tooth and gingiva
Gingival sulcus
The only visible part of the periodontium in a normal mouth
Gingiva
How does the periodontal ligament look on rads?
Lamina lucida all the way around the tooth
What are the functions of the periodontial ligament?
Attaches tooth to alveolus, absorbs shock, nutrients, tactile/proprioceptive info
What might cause the periodontal ligament to ossify?
Trauma, excess Vit. D
How many roots do incisors and canine teeth have?
1
Pulp chamber + root canal
Pulp cavity
Raised area of gum over top of larger teeth
Juga
Is enamel replaced if damaged?
No
What is the difference between enamel and dentin?
Dentin is porous
Communications between root canal (pulp) and periodontal ligament space
Lateral canals
Mass behind the incisors that overlies vomeronasal organ
Incisive papilla
What is the most commonly fractured tooth?
PM4
What cells form dentin?
Odontoblasts
What cells form enamel?
Ameloblasts
Is the apex open or closed in young animals?
Open
How many deciduous and adult teeth does a dog have?
28, 42
How many deciduous and adult teeth does a cat have?
26, 30
Which quadrant of the mouth is “1” in the Triadan system and which direction does the numbering system continue?
Upper right, continues clockwise
What is the rule of 4 and 9?
Canine = 04, M1 = 09
What are dental x-ray unit parameters fixed to?
mA 7-10 and kVp 70
What is the primary parameter that is changed on a dental x-ray unit?
Exposure time
Which direction should the dimple face?
Coronally
What are the two intraoral radiograph techniques and which is more commonly used?
Parallel and bisecting angle (more common)
Which mouth view is difficult to x-ray with a bisecting angle in cats due to their larger zygomatic arch?
Caudal maxilla view
What teeth can you use parallel technique with?
Mandibular PM and M
How does elongation occur?
Cone aimed too parallel to tooth
How does foreshortening occur?
Cone aimed too parallel to film
When taking additional rads to fix overlapping, how cay you tell which root is more palatal?
Palatal root will shadow in direction the cone is moved
What is the SLOB rule?
Root pulled toward the shift is ligual, root moved opposite is buccal
Which tooth is the transitional tooth and why?
Mandibular M1 has both cutting and crushing surfaces
Pulp is in the _____, root canal is in the _____
Crown, tooth
