Intro Flashcards
What percent of those costs are incurred in the last 60 days?
50%`
What are some physiologic changes that affect adverse drug reactions?
Lower serum albumin levels, diminished renal function
Changes in CNS
What do B-blockers and CCBs do?
Decrease HR and have negative inotropic effects
What must be done at every geriatrics visit?
Geriatric assessment
genetic factors contribute ___ and environmental factors contribute __ on the human lifespan?
1/3, 2/3
What cell counts stay the same?
Granulocytes/lymphocytes/platelets
Do liver test results change?
No if they are abnormal the do indicate liver pathology
What are the risk factors for Adverse drug reactions?
Increasing age Woman Small body size Duration of therapy Non-compliance Underlying disease states
What do diuretics affect?
Increase risk of orthostatic hypotension
issues w/ the oral cavity lead to what?
increased risk of malnutrition
What are the lab values that increase w/ aging?
ESR
Alkaline phosphate
AUTOANTIBODIES
What happenss to the PaO2?
Decreases
What kind of hematopoietic stem cell decline?
Fewer stem cells, but normal platelet count
Cardiac filling and preload are __ resulting in __ symptoms due to increased wall thickness and decrease in HR response to stress. Increased ___ from ___ and increased pulmonary vascular resistance.
Decreased, CHF, afterload, atherosclerosis
What lab values do not chang?
PH, PaCO2, LFTs, thyroid function, coat tests, platelets
What happens to the GFR?
It deacreases
How do vaccines affect the body diffferently?
There’s a decline in the antibody response, and it takes longer for them to work
MC chronic diseases
diabetes, arthritis, kidney and bladder problements, demntia, parkinson’s, glaucoma, lung disease, cataracts
What happens to t and b lymphocytes?
The numbers are unchanged, but they lose functional capacity and activity of t lymphocytes specifically
What test should be used for mediation dosage adjustments?
GFR
What is the #1 cause of mortality in adults over 65?
Heart disease
How to prevent adverse drug reactions?
Use the least number of drugs possible in the lowest effective dose possible
adults 65+ had the __ rate of acohol related deaths
highest
What is the best way to assess renal function in the elderly?
Creatinine clearance >1.5 mg/dL
What ca a failing RAAS cause?
Increased Na excretion and K retention
what are the common body changes?
- decreased lean body mass
- decreased water content
- increased fat per unit
What are two factors that contribute to the rate of aging?
Genetic and environmental
What percent of Medicare costs are incurred in last year of life?
25%
What are the lab values that decrease w/ age?
PaO2
Albumin
Vit. B-12
What er the 2 environmental factors that affect lifespan?
Sedentary lifestyle
Increased caloric intake
