Intro

Question 1

Microbiology is the study of:

Answer 1

Bacteria–Bacteriology
Viruses–virology
Parasites–Parasitology
Fungi–mycology

Question 2

Pathogenic

Answer 2

is disease producing

Question 3

What did Hooke discover?

Answer 3

He discovered the cell, and cell theory

Question 4

Van Leeuwenhoek discovered what?

Answer 4

Bacteria and called them animalcules

Question 5

Pasteur disproved what theory?

Answer 5

He disproved he theory of spontaneous generation

Question 6

What is the theory of spontaneous generation?

Answer 6

living things are derived from inanimate objects

Question 7

How did Pasteur disprove the theory of spontaneous generation?

Answer 7

He experimented using the swan necked flasks or the u tubes. In the swan neck flasks there was lots of media and bacteria growth, but in the U tubes there was no growth because bacteria got stuck in the U.

Question 8

What is Media? What is it made up?

Answer 8

Media is a material that organisms can utilize to grow on and in. Media is made up of water, sugars, proteins and fats.

Question 9

Define Proof of Biogenesis. Who is known for this?

Answer 9

Living cells arise only from pre-existing cells. Pasteur.

Question 10

Pasteur is also known for his work in pasteurization and fermentation. Explain the difference between the two.

Answer 10

Pasterization is a fast heating and a fast cooling, it doesn’t kill all bacteria but puts them in a foggy state where they cannot reproduce. Fermentation eats sugar and creates waste products (i.e. when milk is left out and soiled the sour taste is the bacteria’s waste)

Question 11

What type of waste does a bacteria produce when it eats a sugar?

Answer 11

The waste product of a bacteria when it eats a sugar is an acid.

Question 12

Immunology fathered by Jenner is how we…..?

Answer 12

fight infection

Question 13

Jenner discovered what vaccine?

Answer 13

Smallpox.

Question 14

What is a vaccine?

Answer 14

a preparation of a weakened microorganisms that produce immunity.

Question 15

Joseph Lister

Answer 15

Founded aseptic surgery.

Question 16

Alexander Fleming founded what

Answer 16

Founded a mold-Penicillium notatum, which produces a waste product that prevents bacteria from growing called it penicillin.

Question 17

Paul Ehrlich

Answer 17

Found and studied antibodies in immunity. He worked with syphilis.

Question 18

Chemotherapy

Answer 18

Treating a disease by chemical substances

Question 19

Culture

Answer 19

organisms growing on and in media

Question 20

Define the two types of culture.

Answer 20

Pure Culture: when only one organism is growing on the media
Mixed culture: when two or more organisms are growing together.

Question 21

What is Agar?

Answer 21

A complex sugar used as a solidifying agent in culture media.

Question 22

Koch’s prostulates

Answer 22

A certain criteria for establishing that a certain organism causes a specific disease.

Question 23

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 23

The organism that causes T.B.

Question 24

Koch discovered the Germ theory, which is a

Answer 24

A specific microorganism causes a specific disease.

Question 25

Taxonomy

Answer 25

The classification and naming of organisms

Question 26

Monera

Answer 26

Contains bacteria and blue-green algae

Question 27

Protista

Answer 27

Contains slime molds and other algae

Question 28

Fungi

Answer 28

contains yeast and molds

Question 29

What are the five kingdoms of microorganisms

Answer 29

``` Monera Protista Fungi Plant Animal ```

Question 30

Name the two kinds of cells

Answer 30

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic

Question 31

Name the characteristics of a Eukaryotic cell

Answer 31

Human cells, animal, fungi. They have DNA in a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane, and organelles such as mitochondria.

Question 32

Name the characteristics of a Procaryotic cell

Answer 32

``` These are bacteria cells. DNA not membrane bound No nuclear membrane No organelles Cell wall flagella ```

Question 33

Bacteria are ________ cells, simple cells.

Answer 33

Procaryotic

Question 34

All bacteria have cell ___________ + ___________ .

Answer 34

wall + membrane

Question 35

Bacteria cells divide by _________ fission.

Answer 35

binary

Question 36

Cell respiration occurs in the...

Answer 36

Cell membrane

Question 37

Fungi are ___________.

Answer 37

Eukaryotic

Question 38

Require organic material for growth (lipids, proteins, fats)

Answer 38

Fungi

Question 39

These do not use sunlight or CO2

Answer 39

Fungi

Question 40

These are not classified as a plant.

Answer 40

Fungi

Question 41

These are unicellular or multicellular

Answer 41

Fungi

Question 42

Fungi have ______ _____ .

Answer 42

Cell Walls

Question 43

Fungi produce _________ or __________ .

Answer 43

Asexually or Sexually

Question 44

Protozoans are ________ + __________ .

Answer 44

Parasites + Eukariotic

Question 45

These are unicellular and have a complex structure (i.e. flagella, cilia)

Answer 45

Protozoans

Question 46

Protozoans are classifies by...

Answer 46

Locomotion

Question 47

Protozoans do not have cell ______.

Answer 47

Walls

Question 48

Protozoans reproduce ________ or _______ .

Answer 48

Asexually or Sexually

Question 49

These are not composed of cells

Answer 49

Viruses

Question 50

These contain DNA or RNA; NEVER BOTH.

Answer 50

Viruses

Question 51

Viruses have a ______ _______ .

Answer 51

Protein coat

Question 52

These do not metabolize nutrients to carry out chemical reactions.

Answer 52

Viruses

Question 53

Viruses cannot _______ themselves.

Answer 53

Reproduce.

Question 54

Viruses need a ______ ______ to reproduce.

Answer 54

Living Cell

Question 55

Benefits of fungi + molds?

Answer 55

texture and flavor of cheese